AM真菌和植物根系通过VOCs的相互识别及其机制研究

项目名称： AM真菌和植物根系通过VOCs的相互识别及其机制研究

项目编号： No.31500090

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 孙学广

作者单位： 贵州大学

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 丛枝菌根（AM）真菌与植物根系的相互识别是AM建立的先决条件。本项目以植物拟南芥、日本百脉根和AM真菌Rhizophagus irregularis、Gigaspora margarita为研究对象，结合申请人自行设计的培养体系和形态学分析方法验证AM真菌与植物根系通过挥发性有机物（VOCs）的相互识别、明确识别过程的形态变化特征；通过对与AM真菌隔离共培养条件下植物共生信号途径（SYM）和生长素代谢途径关键基因突变体的根系表型分析并结合转录组高通量测序技术阐明参与VOCs介导的识别过程的植物信号途径和AM真菌基因；应用顶空固相微萃取（HS-SPME）和GC/MS技术分别收集和鉴定AM真菌和植物根系产生的VOCs、测试主要和活性组分的生物学活性、筛选在识别过程中起关键作用的化合物，阐明AM真菌与植物根系通过VOCs相互识别的机制，丰富和完善AM共生理论，为AM真菌的应用研究提供理论基础。

中文关键词： 丛枝菌根真菌；挥发性有机物；菌丝分枝；根系分枝；共生信号途径

英文摘要： The recognition between arbuscular mycorrhizas (AM) fungi and plant roots is the precursor step for the establishment of AM symbiosis. In this project, the reciprocal recognitions between the roots of Arabadopsis thaliana/Lotus japonicus and AM fungi Rhizophagus irregularis/Gigaspora margarita through volatile organic compounds (VOCs) will be verified by applying special culture systems designed by the applicant together with morphological analysis; by morphological analysis of mutants defected in key elements of common symbiosis signaling pathway (SYM) or auxin metabolism pathway, coupling with high-throughput transcriptome sequencing technique, the plant signaling pathway(s) as well as AM fungal genes involved in the VOCs induced changes will be clarified; headspace solid-phase micro-extraction (HS-SPME) coupled with GC/MS technique will be employed to identify the VOCs profiles emitted by both AM fungi and plant roots. By referring to the existing literatures, the potential signaling compound(s) will be selected and their biological activity will be evaluated. The prospective results of this project will elucidate the mechanism of the underlying recognition between AM fungi and plant roots through VOCs and make complementary contributions to the AM symbiosis theory. The results are also expected to serve the AM application research.

英文关键词： arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi;volatile organic compounds;hyphal branch;root branch;common symbiosis signaling pathway