Fe3O4-C双壳中空纳米球的可控合成及对重金属离子的吸附研究

项目名称： Fe3O4-C双壳中空纳米球的可控合成及对重金属离子的吸附研究

项目编号： No.51502278

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 孙丽侠

作者单位： 中国计量大学

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 磁性纳米材料对重金属离子具有优良的吸附性能，但高的表面活性及不稳定性严重影响吸附性能稳定发挥。因此须对磁性纳米材料表面进行包裹或改性以提高性能。很多学者都在积极探索磁性纳米材料在重金属吸附中的应用，但对重金属在固–液界面体系的化学行为研究多集中在宏观热力学和动力学层面。本项目拟用过氧化氢在SiO2微球模板表面氧化二茂铁，一步法制SiO2@Fe3O4@C核-双壳结构，进而用强碱除去SiO2核，可实现超顺磁Fe3O4-C双壳中空纳米球的可控合成。通过结构表征及性能测试，揭示产物微结构及双壳层形成机制。通过吸附实验研究其吸附等温式和动力学过程，确定产物对Pb2+、Hg2+、Cd2+的吸附效果。结合IR、XPS、XAFS等测试结果，从宏观层面及微观分子水平来阐明产物对单一重金属离子的吸附机制及多种重金属离子共存的竞争吸附机理。本项目将为磁性纳米复合吸附剂的深入研究提供重要的科学依据和实际应用价值。

中文关键词： Fe3O4-C；双壳；中空纳米球；重金属离子；吸附机理

英文摘要： Magnetic nanomaterials have excellent adsorption performance for heavy metal ions, but their high surface activity and instability have seriously hampered the stability of adsorption performance. Therefore, they should be wrapped in a protective layer on their surface or modified to improve their performance. Although many scholars are actively exploring the application of magnetic nanomaterials in heavy metal adsorption, the research in chemical behavior of heavy metals in solid - liquid interface system is more focused on the macro level of thermodynamics and kinetics. The project intends to use different sizes of monodisperse SiO2 microspheres as templates, and solvothermally prepare SiO2@Fe3O4@C core-double hull structure using one-step method oxidation of ferrocene by hydrogen peroxide. Then the controllable synthesis of superparamagnetism Fe3O4-C bivalve hollow nanospheres can be realized after removed SiO2 core with strong base. The microstructure of the product and formation mechanism of the double-shell can be revealed by structural characterization and performance testing. The isotherm and dynamic adsorption process can be studied through adsorption experiments, and the adsorption effect can be determined for Pb2 +, Hg2 + and Cd2 +. Combined with IR, XPS and XAFS test results, the adsorption mechanism of Fe3O4-C bivalve hollow nanospheres for a single metal ion and competitive coexistence of a variety of heavy metal ions can be clarified from the macro and micro molecular level. This project will provide important scientific basis and practical application value for the in-depth study of magnetic nanocomposite adsorbents.

英文关键词： Fe3O4-C;bivalve;hollow nanospheres;heavy metal ions;adsorption mechanism