基于光纤拉锥波导的光子晶体微腔的制作和应用

项目名称： 基于光纤拉锥波导的光子晶体微腔的制作和应用

项目编号： No.61275044

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 无线电电子学、电信技术

项目作者： 丁伟

作者单位： 中国科学院物理研究所

项目金额： 85万元

中文摘要： 光纤是人们熟悉的波导，它的工作带宽很宽，传输损耗很低。光纤光子学提供了许多对导波特性（增益、偏振、色散、群速度色散等）进行操控的方法。光纤还是一种无需对准的方便的光路。光子晶体微腔是利用光子禁带将光子囚禁在微小空间中的结构，它可以极大增强光与物质的相互作用，是微纳光子学中一类非常重要的器件。我们提出将光子晶体微腔制作到光纤波导上去的方案，期待实现光纤光子学与微纳光子学的交叉。为了这个目的，我们首先将光纤熔融拉锥，制作出直径在波长量级的曝露式波导，然后用聚焦离子束刻蚀的方法在波导上写出光子晶体微腔结构。本项目将从光纤的拉锥开始，设计并制作出这种新型的一维波导光子晶体微腔（Q～1000），研究其在高灵敏折射率检测、低阈值激光和腔量子电动力学方面的应用。与我们先前研制的纵向结构光纤拉锥器件一道，我们将发展出成系列的光纤基微纳光子器件，将光纤对波导的操控引入微纳光子器件的制作中去。

中文关键词： 微纳光纤；光子晶体；聚焦离子束刻蚀；模式杂化；非线性晶体

英文摘要： As a conventional optical waveguide, optical fiber is well known for its wide transmission band and low attenuation loss. Fiber-optics provides a wealth of approaches to manipulate the properties of the guided waves in fibers, including amplification, polarization, dispersion, and GVD. Optical fiber is also an alignment-free system, which is favorable for applications. On the other hand, photonic-crystal microcavity is able to confine photons inside tiny volumn by using photonic bandgap materials. With this nature, a photonic-crystal microcavity can enhance light-matter interactions significantly and acts as an crucial element in micro/nano-optics. Here, we propose unifying fiber-optics and micro/nano-optics by fabricating photonic-crystal microcavities along fibers. Firstly, one piece of fiber is scaled down by heating and drawing. When the diameter of the fiber approaches the order of magnitude of the wavelength, the modal field is expanded out of the fiber taper. Then, focus ion beam etching is applied to create microcavity structures along this waveguide. In this project, calculations, fabrications, and optical characterizations will be carried out. We will investigate the performance of this novel one-dimentional photonic-crystal microcavity in the areas of highly sensitive refractometry, low-threshold dye

英文关键词： Micro/Nano- optical fiber；Photonic crystal；Focused ion beam milling；Mode hybridization；Nonlinear crystal