核壳结构碳/磁性纳米颗粒的约束弧等离子体制备与性能研究

项目名称： 核壳结构碳/磁性纳米颗粒的约束弧等离子体制备与性能研究

项目编号： No.51261015

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 魏智强

作者单位： 兰州理工大学

项目金额： 50万元

中文摘要： Fe、Co、Ni纳米颗粒以其独特的结构和新颖性能，具有广阔的应用前景，引起人们广泛的研究兴趣。但由于其化学活性强，稳定性差，易氧化和团聚，在实际应用时，需要对其表面进行包覆处理。本项目改进约束弧等离子体制备纳米粉体装置，获得一种高效可控合成碳包覆金属纳米颗粒的技术。通过系统的优化实验，掌握工艺参数对碳包覆纳米颗粒的产率和微观结构的影响规律。采用多种测试技术对核-壳结构纳米颗粒的化学成分、形貌、物相结构、比表面积、内核直径、壳层厚度、粒度分布、光谱吸收、表面与界面元素组成信息等特征进行全面表征。同时通过对比试验，研究碳包覆金属纳米颗粒的氧化性和稳定性随存储环境、温度、气氛和存储时间的变化规律，建立金属纳米颗粒氧化机制。研究纳米颗粒的磁学性能与粒径的关系，并阐明其磁结构、磁化机理和磁化过程。在此基础上进一步探讨等离子体制备碳包覆纳米颗粒在生长过程中热力学和动力学问题，建立核-壳结构的形成机理。

中文关键词： 核壳结构；等离子体技术；微观结构；物理性能；生长机理

英文摘要： Fe、Co、Ni magnetic nanoparticles have attracted considerable attention due to their unique microstructures and novel properties, and have extensive technological applications. However, the pure metal nanoparticles are activated and unstable, and easy oxidation and agglomeration in air, it is essential to coating a protective shell in practical applications, in order to improve the chemical stability of metal nanoparticles. In this study, we modify confined arc plasma equipment, and obtain an efficient technique to synthesize carbon-encapsulated metal nanoparticles. Investigate the influences of various processing parameters on the yield rate and microstructure of carbon-encapsulated magnetic nanoparticles in this process by systematic experiments, and obtain the optimum processing parameters. The chemistry composition, morphology, crystalline structure, specific surface area, inner core diameter, shell thickness, particle size and its distribution,spectrum absorption, element information of the surface and interface of the products by this process are investigated by using various testing technology.The relations between the oxidbillity and thermal stability of carbon-encapsulated magnetic nanoparticles and the storaging condition, temperature, atmosphere and time are studied through comparative experiments, and

英文关键词： core-shell structure；plasma technology；microstructure；physical properties；growth mechanism