基于AIS信息的我国东部近海船舶废气排放季节变化与空间分布研究

项目名称： 基于AIS信息的我国东部近海船舶废气排放季节变化与空间分布研究

项目编号： No.41306101

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 孟赫

作者单位： 中国海洋大学

项目金额： 27万元

中文摘要： 船舶废气排放已成为人为大气污染的重要来源之一，其在沿海地区造成的空气质量污染和人群健康问题尤为严重。近十多年来，由于海上贸易的快速发展，我国东部近海船舶活动日益频繁，但对该区域船舶排放污染物量及其时空分布的认识却不足。全球船舶排放清单多基于2000～2006年远洋船舶活动信息建立的，尽管包括该区域船舶排放，但其空间分辨率较低，也没有考虑沿海和内河船舶排放。本研究基于2011-2012年船舶AIS信息，关注主要污染物NO2、SO2和PM，采用自下而上法结合船舶档案和特征污染物排放因子，建立高分辨率（0.05 ×0.05 ）的我国东部近海船舶废气排放清单。给出船舶排放特征污染物量，阐明其季节变化与空间分布，重点关注主要港口的船舶排放，同时分析远洋、沿海和内河船舶排放贡献率，以及不同类型船舶、不同引擎、不同航行状态下的污染物排放分担率，并采用蒙特卡罗模拟法分析清单的不确定性，识别其关键来源。

中文关键词： 我国东部近海；船舶排放清单；AIS；时空分布；不确定性

英文摘要： Ship emission has become one of the most important anthropogenic emission sources, and caused severe impact on air quality and human health in coastal region. Over the past decade, owing to rapidly growing sea-borne commerce, marine traffic activities have risen dramatically in adjacent eastern China sea. However, the knowledge of ship emission and its temporal and spatial distribution in this region is still lack. Most global emission inventory of shipping was developed based on ship activity database of 2000～2006. Despite this inventory had included emission from marine traffic in adjacent eastern China sea, it was low spatial resolution and only taken ocean-going vessel emission into consideration, rather than coastal and domestic vessels emission. Based on information provided by automatic identification system (AIS) during 2011 to 2012, together with ship attributes and emission factors, this study will develop a regional ship emission inventory in high spatial resolution (0.05 ×0.05 ) by method of bottom-up for adjacent eastern China sea. Here, NO2, SO2, and PM are chose as the characteristic pollutants of ship emission. Seasonal variation and spatial distribution of ship emission in this region will be addressed. This study focuses on ship emission especially in the main harbors. The contribution rate of

英文关键词： adjacent eastern China sea；ship emission inventory；AIS；seasonal variation and spatial distribution；uncertainty