UV-B辐射引发海胆躲避行为的主效神经递质和神经肽研究

项目名称： UV-B辐射引发海胆躲避行为的主效神经递质和神经肽研究

项目编号： No.41506177

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 赵冲

作者单位： 大连海洋大学

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 海洋生物对UV-B辐射的行为适应是极具研究价值的生态现象。以主效神经递质和神经肽为突破口的神经机理研究是深入解析这一现象的关键。本项目以潮间带和浅海典型底栖生物中间球海胆为研究对象，利用比较转录组学方法筛选出UV-B辐射下已获得躲避行为的海胆管足中显著差异表达的神经递质和神经肽前体、受体和合成通路上的关键酶基因；进而利用神经递质和神经肽与其前体、受体和关键酶之间的特异性关联筛选出相关神经递质和神经肽；然后重复行为生态学实验，用测定神经递质和神经肽含量的方法做进一步的筛选，获得候选神经递质和神经肽；进而向海胆体内注射候选神经递质和神经肽或其抑制剂以增强或抑制神经传导，然后通过行为学观察最终确定主效神经递质和神经肽；最后深入研究它们单独和协同的行为调控功能。预期结果将揭示UV-B辐射引发海胆躲避行为的主效神经递质和神经肽，明确它们的行为调控功能，为全球变化下海洋生物的行为适应研究提供新的信息。

中文关键词： 海胆；UV-B；避光行为；神经递质；神经肽

英文摘要： Behavioral adaptation of marine organisms to UV-B radiation is an important ecological phenomenon. Neural mechanisms, in which neurotransmitters and neuropeptides play important roles, are a key approach to investigating this phenomenon. The present study proposes the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius as a model to investigate the neurotransmitter and neuropeptide controls of negative phototaxis by sea urchins in response to UV-B radiation. Precursor, receptor and key synthetic enzyme genes of neurotransmitters and neuropeptides will be screened in tube feet between S. intermedius with and without negative phototaxis to UV-B radiation by the method of comparative transcriptomics. Behaviorally related neurotransmitters and neuropeptides will be then screened according to the specific coupling relationship between neurotransmitters and neuropeptides and their precursors, receptors and key synthetic enzymes. Candidate neurotransmitters and neuropeptides will be further screened by testing the content of neurotransmitters and neuropeptides between S. intermedius with and without negative phototaxis to UV-B radiation. Neurotransmitters and neuropeptides with main effects will be finally ascertained by the behavioral observations after the injection of the candidate neurotransmitters and neuropeptidse as well as their depressors. Finally, the single and synergistic effects of the ascertained neurotransmitters and neuropeptides on their behavioral regulations will be carefully investigated. The purpose of the study is to identify the neurotransmitters and neuropeptides with main effects on negative phototaxis to UV-B radiation as well as their single and synergistic behavioral regulations in sea urchins. It will provide new information into the studies of behavioral adaptation of marine organisms to the global changes.

英文关键词： sea urchin;UV-B;negative phototaxis;neurotransmitters;neuropeptides