胡杨耐盐的表观基因组学研究

项目名称： 胡杨耐盐的表观基因组学研究

项目编号： No.31500502

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 马涛

作者单位： 四川大学

项目金额： 23万元

中文摘要： 土壤盐渍化是制约植物生长发育、降低农林作物产量、甚至危及生态安全的关键环境因素之一。深入研究木本植物耐盐的分子机制、进行林木遗传改良并培育抗逆新品种，对于缓解我国木材市场的供求矛盾、保障国家木材安全具有重要意义。胡杨作为我国西北干旱地区和盐碱荒漠上的高大乔木树种，是研究树木耐盐机制的最佳模式物种。本项目拟在已有工作的基础上，以胡杨及其近缘非抗逆物种毛果杨为研究材料，对盐处理和对照植株的根、叶组织进行全基因组甲基化测序和转录组测序，构建高分辨率的全基因组甲基化图谱，揭示其在盐胁迫下甲基化变异与调控模式的组织特异性和物种特异性，筛选胡杨应答盐胁迫过程中特异的、与甲基化相关的关键基因与调控网络，从表观遗传学角度解析胡杨耐盐的分子机制，为农林作物的遗传改良提供重要的基因资源。

中文关键词： 表观基因组；耐盐碱；胁迫响应；基因调控；DNA甲基化

英文摘要： Soil salinization is one of the most serious environmental factors that affect plant development and growth, limit crop productivity and quality, and even endanger the ecological security. In depth study of tree adaptation to salinity and increasing their stress tolerance have important significance on easing China’s timber supply and demand contradiction as well as timber security. Populus euphratica, one species naturally distributed in the desert area of west China, is a model for investigating the salt-tolerance mechanism in trees. In this project, we will present the whole genome bisulfite sequencing and transcriptomic sequencing for roots and leaves of P. euphratica and P. trichocarpa under control and salt stress conditions, examine the single-base resolution methylome, investigate the tissue-/species-specific variations of DNA methylation and their relationship to gene expression, and finally identify the key genes and regulation networks responsible for salt adaptation in P. euphratica. The findings will deepen our understanding of tree adaptation to salt stress and provide important genetic resources for accelerating the improvement of cultivated poplars for growth on saline soil.

英文关键词： Epigenome;Salinity tolerance;Stress response;Gene regulation;DNA methylation