面向大尺度生物图像的高精度三维分子结构重构技术研究

项目名称： 面向大尺度生物图像的高精度三维分子结构重构技术研究

项目编号： No.61472397

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 计算机科学学科

项目作者： 刘志勇

作者单位： 中国科学院计算技术研究所

项目金额： 86万元

中文摘要： 生物显微图像三维重构是研究生物大分子三维结构的前沿技术。但是目前显微影像三维重构技术和软件存在诸如难以处理大规模大尺度生物图像中的信息缺失、高噪声、扭曲变形等问题，难以构造高精度的三维重构结果，以及处理速度和效率不能满足科学家的需求等重要缺陷。本项目研究面向大尺度生物图像的高精度分子结构三维重构的关键技术，包括：1，面向大规模生物图像的对位算法：与现存对位算法不同， 本项目研究能很好地识别和利用真实生物样本自身图像的有关信息而增强对位精度的理论与技术；2，面向大尺度生物图像的高精度重构模型与算法：研究能有效解决扭曲变形、信息缺失等问题的曲线投影模型、迭代重构算法；3，针对该应用特征的并行处理技术，包括针对计算结构特征的数据分布、资源分配与调度技术。本项研究将为生物信息处理领域提供高精度的三维重构技术，为揭示原子级的生物分子结构提供理论和技术。

中文关键词： 生物信息；电子断层成像；三维重构；并行处理；算法设计

英文摘要： Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of Biological Microscopy imaging has been a leading technique in analyzing 3D structures of biomacromolecule. However, current technique for 3D-reconstruction of microscopic imaging has the following deficiencies: Firstly, it is difficult to resolve the problems of missing wedge,highly noisy data, and image distortion, so that high-quality 3D reconstruction cannot be obtained for large scale biological images.Secondly, The procees is very time-consuming and its efficiency is not satisfactory. Facing the above challenges, the following issues are investigated in the project: (1) Alignment Techniques: Different from existing alignment techniques which cannot effectively utilize the information in large scale biological images in their alignment process for 3D reconstruction, new techniques that can effectively utilize some key biological information for improving the reconstruction resolution of 3D reconstruction will be investigated. (2) Advanced projection and reconstruction models, and algorithms: New curviliear projection models that can improve the quality of 3D reconstruction will be investigated; in addition, iterative reconstruction algorithms that can resolve the missing wedge problem and obtain high resolution of 3D reconstruction for biological microscopic images will be investigated. (3) Parallel processing techniques for biological microscopic images 3D reconstruction: the computational structure of the application will be investigated, corresponding schemes for data partition and distribution will be developed, and job and resource distribution and scheduling algorithms will be investigated. High quality 3D reconstruction techniques will be provided for large scale biological images so that atom-level biological molecular 3D structure can be revealed.

英文关键词： Bioinformatics;Electron Tomography;Three-dimensional Reconstruction;Parallel Processing;Algorithm Design