我国淡水鱼低温保鲜中耐冷腐败细菌的种群与谱系以及腐败形成机制研究

项目名称： 我国淡水鱼低温保鲜中耐冷腐败细菌的种群与谱系以及腐败形成机制研究

项目编号： No.31271945

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 方维明

作者单位： 扬州大学

项目金额： 84万元

中文摘要： 耐冷细菌增殖是鱼类贮藏流通过程中导致腐败变质的主要原因，探索耐冷细菌种群谱系的生态分布及腐败发生机制对促进冷藏保鲜技术进步、延长淡水鱼及其制品的货架期具有重要的理论和实际意义。本项目拟在前期研究基础上于不同季节采集我国不同区域主要淡水养殖鱼种，分离耐冷细菌，并应用常规生理生化分析结合16S rDNA测序鉴定，应用RAPD和rep-PCR分子指纹图谱分型技术探索耐冷细菌种群结构、遗传谱系随地理、鱼种及季节的生态分布规律。同时分别应用分光光度法、薄层层析-生物传感法、HS-SPME-GC-MS联用法与2DE-PAGE-MS联用法分析测定不同种群谱系典型耐冷菌株在低温生长过程中的生长动力学参数、群体感应信号分子、特征挥发性腐败成分与差异表达蛋白，对比、统计分析，探讨不同地理、季节及鱼种耐冷菌在淡水鱼冷藏中的腐败特征及其形成机制。为建立新型高效的冷藏保鲜策略、延长淡水鱼及其制品货架期提供理论基础。

中文关键词： 淡水鱼；特定腐败菌；种群谱系；群体感应；肥大细胞电化学传感器

英文摘要： The proliferation of psychrotolerant bacteria is the primary cause of putrefaction of fish during storing and transporting. To improve the cryopreservation techniques，extend the shelf life of freshwater fish and its derived products, it is of both important theoretical and practical significance to investigate the ecological distribution of the populations and genetic lineages of psychrotolerant bacteria as well as the spoilage mechanism. Based on the previous study, we intend to collect the major freshwater aquaculture fishes in different regions in China in different seasons, separate psychrotolerant bacteria, discuss the ecological distribution of population structure and genetic genealogies of the bacteria with geography, species and seasons, using conventional physiological and biochemical analysis, combined with the 16S rDNA sequencing、the molecular fingerprint pattern technology of RAPD and rep-PCR in this project. Meanwhile, we plan to analyze and determine growth kinetic parameters, quorum sensing signal molecules, characteristically volatile components causing spoilage and differntially expressed proteins, respectively using the method of spectrophotometry, HS-SPME-GC-MC, thin layer chromatography combined with biosensor technology and 2DE-PAGE-MS. The comparative and statistical analysis based on the

英文关键词： freshwater fish；specific spoilage organisms；populations and genetic lineages；quorum sensing；mast cell electrochemical sensor