选择压力下H7N9禽流感病毒的准种演变规律及其意义研究

项目名称： 选择压力下H7N9禽流感病毒的准种演变规律及其意义研究

项目编号： No.81501785

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 医药、卫生

项目作者： 葛以跃

作者单位： 江苏省疾病预防控制中心

项目金额： 18万元

中文摘要： 自2013年我国首次发现人感染H7N9禽流感病毒以来，全国共报告确诊病例数百人，致多人死亡，而且病例数仍在持续增加。在前期研究中，我们发现同一H7N9禽流感毒株中存在着大量的病毒准种。研究表明，准种的存在与进化直接影响到病毒的耐药性、抗原性和致病性等多种生物学特性，而抗病毒和免疫选择压力是加速准种演变的两个主要因素。因此，研究抗病毒和免疫选择压力下H7N9病毒的准种演变规律有助于我们从动态的角度去认识病毒，及时发现有意义的病毒基因组变异。本项目拟以高通量测序技术研究H7N9禽流感病毒在选择压力下的准种演变规律，并探讨H7N9病毒的准种演变对病毒的耐药性、抗原性和致病性等多种生物学特性的影响。本项目从分子水平上探究H7N9病毒的变异趋势及发生机制，为H7N9禽流感的防控和临床抗病毒治疗提供指导。

中文关键词： H7N9禽流感病毒；准种；耐药性；抗原性；致病性

英文摘要： A severe disease in humans caused by a novel avian-origin influenza A (H7N9) virus was identified in China in 2013, which has caused hundreds of infections and and dozens of deaths. The number of H7N9 cases is still increasing today. Our preliminary study showed that viral quasispecies were generated in the strain of H7N9 virus. It has been reported that the existence of quasispecies and its evolution can directly affect the biological properties of the virus, such as drug resistance, antigenicity, and pathogenicity, etc. Antiviral and immune selective pressures are the two main factors that can accelerate viral quasispecies evolution. Thus, investigation of the quasispecies evolution pattern of H7N9 virus will help us to dynamically understand the virus, and to find meaningful viral genome variation timely. Using high-throughput sequencing technology, this project will investigate the quasispecies evolution pattern of H7N9 virus under selective pressures, and pinpoint the effects of quasispecies evolution on the biological characteristics of H7N9 virus, such as drug resistance, antigenicity, and pathogenicity, etc. This study would probe into the variation trends of H7N9 virus at the molecular level, and provide guidance for the prevention and control of H7N9 avian influenza.

英文关键词： Avian influenza A (H7N9) virus;quasispecies;drug resistance;antigenicity;pathogenicity