棉花精氨酸酶基因功能研究

项目名称： 棉花精氨酸酶基因功能研究

项目编号： No.31301373

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 孟志刚

作者单位： 中国农业科学院生物技术研究所

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 精氨酸酶是目前已知的唯一一个在植物体内产生脲的酶，其活性的强弱决定着精氨酸向合成脲、多氨或者一氧化氮的代谢方向发展,与植物氮素利用效率密切相关。我们研究发现棉花精氨酸酶基因GhARG在棉花叶片、花药、柱头、受精后发育的种子、纤维等重要器官高表达；同时通过诱导表达发现该基因能够被光周期、MJA、GA、ABA等条件诱导；此外通过在棉花中过表达水稻精氨酸酶基因OsARG发现,转基因棉花材料对氮素更加敏感,我们推测GhARG基因在棉花中具有重要的功能，具有重要的科学研究价值。目前，关于GhARG在棉花氮利用效率、生长发育、产量形成等过程发挥的功能尚未见报道。因此，本研究拟利用获得的GhARG过表达材料、TELEN突变体材料以及过表达OsARG转基因棉花与突变体杂交材料展开研究，通过生化检测分析、田间表型观察和产量测定三个方向，研究GhARG在棉花氮利用效率、棉花生长发育、产量形成过程中发挥的功能。

中文关键词： 棉花；精氨酸酶；氮素；根系发育；CRISPR／Cas9基因编辑

英文摘要： Arginase is the only known enzyme to generate urea in plant so far. Arginine can be catabolized into urea and glutamine by arginase or NO by NO synthetase, respectively. The downstream catabolism products/branches derived from arginine largely depended on the activity of arginase, which is tightly associated with nitrogen use efficiency in plants. We found that the cotton arginase(GhARG) predominantly expressed in the leaf, anther, stigma, seed and fiber. Also, GhARG could be inducing by light, MJA, GA and ABA. Importantly, the cotton seedlings are much sensitive to nitrogen concentration when introducing the P35S::OsARG construct into cotton. Our observation suggested that GhARG likely play an important role in cotton development, yield and nitrogen use efficiency. So far, very little is known about the functions of GhARG in cotton. Based on the results we gained, we will extend our study to further dissect the underlying mechanism of GhARG in regulating the development, yield and nitrogen use efficiency. The comprehensive approaches including genetics, biochemistry, cell biology, physiology and bioinformation will be employed in this project. Hopefully, we will gain more insight about GhARG for future molecular breeding in cotton through this study.

英文关键词： cotton；arginase；nitrogen；root development；CRISPR／Cas9 gene edit