两路量子密码与简单量子网络安全性理论研究

项目名称： 两路量子密码与简单量子网络安全性理论研究

项目编号： No.61471356

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 无线电电子学、电信技术

项目作者： 蔡庆宇

作者单位： 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 安全性是量子密码研究的核心内容之一。两路量子密码在短距离通讯时具有成码率高的优点，并可依此构建简单量子网络。在本申请项目中，我们拟在前期工作基础之上，研究两路量子密码以及简单量子网络在实际攻击下的安全性。首先，我们研究两路量子密码协议在劈裂光子数攻击下的安全性，以及两路量子密码在探测器侧信道攻击下的安全性。然后，给出针对劈裂光子数攻击以及探测器侧信道攻击下的改进方案，计算出最终密钥量。接下来，我们将在两路量子密码协议基础上构建简单量子网络协议，并研究该量子网络的安全性。我们将研究该量子网络在准理想装置下的安全性，给出准理想条件下该量子网络协议的无条件安全性证明，并计算出最终密钥量。在此基础上，我们研究在实际攻击下该量子网络的安全性，包括劈裂光子数攻击，以及探测器侧信道攻击等。最后，我们将研究如何通过改进协议，提高在侧信道攻击下该量子网络的安全性。

中文关键词： 量子密码学；量子通信协议；量子网络；量子通信安全

英文摘要： The crucial role of quantum cryptography is its security. The two-way quantum key distribution protocols are efficient to generate sifted key when the transmission distance is not very long (e.g., the inter-city communication). In this project, we will study the security of two-way quantum cryptography and simple quantum network against practical attacks, based on the previous work of us. Firstly, we will study the security of quantum key distribution with a two-way quantum chanel against photon-number-splitting attacks, and the security of the final key bits against detector-side-channel attacks. Next, we will investigate how to improve the security of two-way quantum key distribution protocols against practical attacks, in particular its security against detector-side-channel attacks. In the following, we will study the security of the simple quantum network protocol constructed on the basis of two-way quantum key distruction protocols. We will study the unconditional security of this quantum network with quasi-ideal setting. Then, we study the security of this quantum network against practical attacks, including the photon-number-splitting attacks, and the detector-side-channel attacks. Finally, we will try to find how to improve the security of this quantum network against practical attacks by modifying the protocol itself.

英文关键词： quantum cryptography;protocols for quantum communication;quantum network;security of quantum communication