拓扑绝缘体中新奇的量子散射效应

项目名称： 拓扑绝缘体中新奇的量子散射效应

项目编号： No.11304009

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 付振国

作者单位： 北京计算科学研究中心

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 近年来由于在拓扑绝缘体方面取得的重大进展和扫描隧道显微镜技术的蓬勃发展，使得研究拓扑绝缘体材料中新奇的量子散射效应成为当前凝聚态物理中一个重要的前沿问题。本项目拟对这一前沿问题开展深入探索，做出具有创新意义的应用基础研究工作。研究内容主要包括：拓扑绝缘体中双杂质引起的局域电子态密度反常Aharonov-Bohm 振荡效应，类弱反局域与类弱局域效应，并比较一般二维电子气的异同；阐述拓扑绝缘体表面量子栅栏系统中的近藤杂质带来的新奇散射现象，如近藤共振、量子镜像、自旋极化、自旋非弹性散射等；深入研究拓扑绝缘体表面台阶散射引起的狄拉克电子的共振隧穿、各向异性的法布里-帕罗共振效应、准粒子寿命、电流及自旋流分布等物性；理论探索拓扑绝缘体中狄拉克费米子各向异性的克莱因隧穿，及其自旋极化效应。本项目的研究工作会推进人们对量子散射效应的认识，促进拓扑绝缘体材料及相关的自旋-轨道耦合系统研究的发展。

中文关键词： 拓扑绝缘体；狄拉克电子；过渡金属硫化物；量子栅栏；法布里—帕罗共振

英文摘要： Recently, due to the significant advances of the topological iunsulator (TI) and the great improvement of the scanning tunneling microscopy, the novel quantum scattering effect in TI has become an important issue in the morden condensed matter physics. In this program, we would like to explore thoroughly this frontier issue, and carry out some innovative and fundamental researches for applications. The research contents mainly focus on the following four problems. Firstly, we will study the anomalous Aharonov-Bohm oscillations and the analogous weak (anti-)localization effects in the local density of topological surface states induced by double impurities, and compare with the case of the ordinary two-dimensional electron gas; Secondly,the novel scattering phenomena, such as Kondo resonance, quantum images, spin-polarization and inelastic spin scattering effect, arising from the Kondo impurities localized in the quantum corrals on TI surface will be investigated theoretically; Thirdly, we will also discuss thoroughly the resonant tunnelling through step barriers of Dirac fermions on TI surface, the anisotropic Fabry-Pérot resonance effects confined in nano-steps, the life time of quasiparticles,and the physical properties of the electric current as well as the spin surrent of Dirac electrons on TI surface within

英文关键词： topological insulators；Dirac electrons；transition metal dichalcogenide；quantum corrals；Fabry-Perot resonance