盐胁迫下棉花根源油菜素内酯基因的筛选及功能分析研究

项目名称： 盐胁迫下棉花根源油菜素内酯基因的筛选及功能分析研究

项目编号： No.31201139

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 食品科学、农学基础与作物学

项目作者： 束红梅

作者单位： 江苏省农业科学院

项目金额： 23万元

中文摘要： 棉花是盐碱地先锋作物，发展盐碱地植棉对于缓解粮棉争地矛盾极具意义，改良棉花耐盐性已成为科研主攻方向之一。油菜素内酯作为一种植物内源激素具有原位作用特性，可调控植物耐盐性。作物根系是盐胁迫作用的首要器官，因此本项目拟开展根源油菜素内酯调控棉花耐盐性的机理及关键基因的功能分析研究。首先从根系外用油菜素内酯对棉花耐盐性的调控入手，研究外源油菜素内酯对盐胁迫下棉花形态、生理功能、下游基因表达的影响。并重点分析盐胁迫下根系油菜素内酯合成、降解、转导途径相关基因的表达情况，建立油菜素内酯代谢相关基因的表达与棉花耐盐性间的关系，进而确定棉花根系中与耐盐性相关的油菜素内酯基因。在此基础上，通过转基因技术利用根系特异启动子使油菜素内酯基因在根系定向表达，验证作物根源油菜素内酯基因在盐胁迫下的功能。研究结果不仅可以进一步明确棉花根源油菜素内酯基因对耐盐性的调控作用，还可为棉花种质资源的创新提供新途径、新基因。

中文关键词： 棉花；盐胁迫；油菜素内酯；基因表达；基因功能

英文摘要： Soil salinity is a serious threat to global agriculture, and even more prevalent as the intensity of land use increases. In arid and semiarid regions of the world, limited rainfall, high temperature and evapotranspiration, as well as inadequate freshwater management have contributed to an increase in soil salinity. Although cotton is considered as an salt-tolerant crop, its salt tolerance is still limited. Breeders have sought to make cotton more tolerant to salt through various methods including traditional plant breeding and biotechnological approaches, and some progresses were promised but still no value in practical performance. So it is necessary to find new ways to understand and improve cotton salt tolerance. Brassinosteroid as a plant hormone, it can regulate plant salt tolerance, and it do not undergo long-distance transport in plant and play a role in situ. Roots first "feel" the stress when plants exposed to exceesive salt, so this research would study the influence of brassinosteroid in roots on cotton salt tolerance and the identification of new genes in the pathway of brassinosteroid biosynthesis, degradation and signal transduction which related to salt tolerance. First, a hydroponic culture experiment using NaCl to induce salt stresses and adding brassinosteriod to solution is carried out to eva

英文关键词： cotton；salt stress；brassinolide；gene expression；gene function