晶种诱导法在金属/半导体异质纳米光催化材料晶面调控中的应用与研究

项目名称： 晶种诱导法在金属/半导体异质纳米光催化材料晶面调控中的应用与研究

项目编号： No.21303232

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 焦正波

作者单位： 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 金属/半导体异质纳米光催化材料的制备、调控与性能研究已经成为光催化领域的研究热点，然而目前已经报道的半导体材料，由于受到表面能量趋于稳定等因素的影响，多被表面能较低、反应活性较差的晶面所主导，因此如何设计、合成光催化性能较高的异质纳米结构并实现其晶面尤其是高指数晶面的调控，成为目前光催化领域噬待解决的难题。本项目采用晶种诱导的方法，构建一种尺寸、形貌及晶面可以调控的金属/半导体异质光催化体系，即以不同尺寸和形貌的贵金属纳米粒子作为种子，通过表面活化等方法实现半导体纳米材料在金属纳米粒子表面的选择性外延生长，进而实现金属/半导体异质结构的晶面调控，以达到此类异质结构的性能最优化。此外，由于贵金属纳米粒子具有表面等离子共振效应及费米能级较低等优点，可以有效的改善光生电子-空穴快速复合等缺点，从而进一步提高半导体材料的光催化性能。本项目的研究尚未在国际上广泛展开，具有较高的创新性和科学意义。

中文关键词： 复合半导体；贵金属；表面等离子共振；光催化；光电化学

英文摘要： Noble metal/semiconductor hetero-photocatalysts have attracted considerable attention in present photocatalytic research field. However, the reported hetero-photocatalysts available to date are generally enclosed by low-index and stable facets due to the lowest surface energy principle. Thereby, the design, fabrication and facets modulation of hetero-photocatalysts, especially the synthesis of photocatalysts with high-index facets, have become the urgent puzzle to be resolved. This project focus on the exploration and fabrication of novel hetero-photocatalysts consisted of metal nanoparticles and semiconductor crystals with controllable surface facets. It is believed that the morphology and crystal facets of hetero-semiconductors could be conveniently influenced and regulated through varying the correlative factors, such as the size and shape of seeds, the concentration of precursor, and so on. As a result, the photocatalytic performance of hetero-semiconductors will be optimized owing to the fabrication and exposure of certain facets with high surface energy. More specifically, the metal nanoparticles possess a favorable Fermi level, which can serve as a good electron acceptor for facilitating quick electron transfer from semiconductor under visible-light irradiation. Thereby, the photoexcited electrons can be

英文关键词： hetero-semiconductor；noble metal；Surface plasmon resonance；photocatalytic；photoelectrochemical