天敌气味刺激对雌小家鼠妊娠早期的影响及机制研究

项目名称： 天敌气味刺激对雌小家鼠妊娠早期的影响及机制研究

项目编号： No.31501865

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 刘莹娟

作者单位： 南阳师范学院

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 天敌信号对猎物繁殖的影响是研究二者种间关系的一项重要内容。在自然界中，猫和褐家鼠是小家鼠的常见天敌，但关于褐家鼠气味对小家鼠繁殖的影响尚存在争议。本项目主要探讨猫和褐家鼠尿液刺激对小家鼠妊娠早期（妊娠1-5天）的影响，内容涉及以下四个方面：（1）猫与褐家鼠尿液对小家鼠妊娠早期恐惧、探究行为，胚胎着床影响的比较研究；（2）孕酮、雌二醇、催乳素、皮质酮的变化规律及相关性；（3）以催乳素的调控为靶点分析引起行为、生理变化的递质通路；（4）通过分析与繁殖、应激均相关脑区即刻早期基因(c-fos)表达的变化, 探讨引起相关变化的神经通路。本项目将综合运用行为学、神经内分泌学、分子生物学的相关技术和方法，比较研究猫和褐家鼠尿液刺激对小家鼠妊娠早期的影响。我们的研究结果将有助于深入理解天敌气味对小家鼠的生殖抑制机制，为小家鼠在高天敌捕食风险环境中的生殖生理变化提供新的理论依据。

中文关键词： 天敌气味；小鼠；胚胎着床；催乳素；神经递质

英文摘要： The influence of predator odor on reproduction of prey is important for the study of predator-prey relationship. In nature, cats (Felis catus) and rats (Rattus norvegicus) are common predators for mice (Mus musculus). However, rats are more likely a habitat competitor, and the breeding suppression of rat odor on mice remains controversial. In this project, we plan to study the effect of continuous cat and rat urine stimuli on inseminated mice during gestation days 1-5. Our studies will include the following aspects: (1) behavioral and embryo implantation number differences in early pregnancy mice under cat/rat urine stimuli; (2) progesterone, estradiol, prolactin and cortisone changes during these processes and their correlations; (3) analyzing neural transmitter pathways by targeting prolactin secretion regulation, which is very important in early pregnancy in rodents; (4) exploring the neural pathways involving these changes by analyzing c-fos expression profiles of the brain areas regulating both reproduction and stress. In all, we will examine the effects and differences of cat and rat urine stimuli on female mice in early pregnancy by using multiple experimental techniques. Our results will be helpful to understand the mechanisms of reproduction suppression of predator odors in mice, and also provide new insights on reproductive physiology changes of mice under high predation risk circumstance.

英文关键词： predator odor;mice;embryo implantation;prolactin;neurotransmitter