胡杨抗逆HKT基因重复和功能分化研究

项目名称： 胡杨抗逆HKT基因重复和功能分化研究

项目编号： No.31470620

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 万东石

作者单位： 兰州大学

项目金额： 94万元

中文摘要： 基因重复和相关的功能分化研究是生物学研究中的前沿领域。多数抗逆物种均发现抗逆相关基因的拷贝数量增加，说明物种抗逆性状的形成与基因重复密切相关。HKT类基因在抗盐中具有重要作用；在抗盐胡杨中，该类基因从非抗盐的毛果杨中的一个基因增加到了4个。本项目以胡杨的4个HKT基因为对象，开展如下研究：(1)通过不同物种群体水平上的比较，研究胡杨HKT基因拷贝数量的变异及其起源时间；（2）通过比较种间和种内直系和非直系HKT基因序列的分化，研究该基因重复后发生的序列变异和选择压力；（3）通过对胡杨4个HKT基因拷贝的时空表达、生化功能和转基因比较，确定基因重复后的剂量、时空和功能分化；（4）通过上述比较和研究，阐明探讨HKT基因重复在树木抗逆中的关键作用，并从胡杨中筛选抗逆效率最高的HKT基因。

中文关键词： 群体遗传；胡杨；基因重复；功能分化；盐胁迫

英文摘要： It has become a hotspot to study gene duplication and related functional divergence. In most arid-tolerant species with genomes sequences, the genes accounting for such survivals were found to be duplicated, indicating that such gene duplications contributed greatly to such arid tolerances and survivals. HKT genes play an important role in the salt-tolerant plants. In the salt-tolerant Populus euphratica, four copies were found while only one in the salt-sensitive species. In this project, we aim to examine how four copies of Populus euphratica originated and whether their functions have diverged. First, we will examine copy number variations of this type of genes at the population level and determine the origin time of each copy. Then, we will compare orthologus and paralogous divergences of these HKT genes between and within species, and examine the sequence divergences and selection pressures of the duplicated genes. Finally, we will examine functional divergences in time and tissue of four genes in details through spatial and timely gene expressions, biochemical functions, and transgenic manipulations. All these results will clarify the key roles of the HKT gene duplications and select the most effective one during the arid tolerances.

英文关键词： population genetic;Poplus euphratica;gene duplication;functional divergence;salt stress