低温等离子体协同处理含汞废气和二恶英及活性剂增效机制

项目名称： 低温等离子体协同处理含汞废气和二恶英及活性剂增效机制

项目编号： No.11475211

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 陈扬

作者单位： 中国科学院高能物理研究所

项目金额： 100万元

中文摘要： 医疗废物、生活垃圾等废物焚烧烟气以及一些冶炼废气中汞和二恶英是最难处理的污染物，通常采用活性炭吸附并因此产生需要处理的二次废物，其后续处理因经济、技术和管理等原因难以实现安全处置，环境风险突出。脉冲低温等离子体技术（NTP）可实现不可溶单质汞向二价汞或颗粒态汞转化并能降解二恶英，有望实现低成本的废气中汞和二恶英的协同控制。本研究基于含汞和二恶英废气的特性，研究NTP的技术参数变化时对含汞和二恶英的协同处理效果，及对SO2、NOx等其他污染物的影响，并探索利用肼类添加剂强化Hg捕集和二恶英的分解效果。借助现有同步辐射及化学反应动力学分析手段，揭示在NTP条件下，废气中汞的转化和捕捉、二恶英分解机理及肼类活性剂的增效机制；建立活性添加剂作用下Hg价态转化及捕集的反应模型，以及二恶英分解反应模型，为含有汞和二恶英废气的高效协同处理提供新的途径。

中文关键词： 低温等离子体；含汞废气；二恶英；协同效应；增效机制

英文摘要： The mercury and dioxins from medical waste incineration, domestic waste incineration and some metallurgical smelting flue gas, are the most difficult to be treated safely. Activated carbon adsorption is the conventional mercury, dioxins adsorption process and therefore produce secondary waste need to be disposed safely. There are serious environmental risk in the subsequent disposal process due to the reasons by the cost, technology and management. The pulsed non-thermal plasma can realize the transformation from elemental mercury into bivalent mercury or particle-associated mercury, and can decompose dioxins，simutaneously. In this research, based on the characteristics of flue gas containing mercury and dioxins, parameters of pulsed non-thermal plasma will be studied to determine its influences on the simultaneous purification effect of mercury and dioxins，as well as those of SO2 and NOx.The mechanisms of enhancement of mercury trapping and dioxins decomposition with active hydrazine additives will also be experimentally explored. The transfer and trapping machnism of mercury from the flue gas, mechanism of decomposition of dioxins, will be studied under the conditions of pulsed non-thermal plasma atmosphere with help of analysis tools of synchrotron rediation and chemical reaction dynamics.Reaction models will be set up based on the obtained reaction database to simulate and predict the influence of different operating conditions on the trapping effect of mercury and decomposition efficiency of dioxins.Through the implementation of this project, a new way will be explored to simultaneously and efficiently treat flue gas containing mercury,dioxins and other pollutants.

英文关键词： non-thermal plasma;flue gas containing mercury;dioxins;simutaneous effect;enhancement machanism