黄土高原退耕还林的区域气候及水文效应

项目名称： 黄土高原退耕还林的区域气候及水文效应

项目编号： No.41275085

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 马柱国

作者单位： 中国科学院大气物理研究所

项目金额： 90万元

中文摘要： 作为生态系统和气候系统的一个过渡带，黄土高原是全球气候变化最敏感的地区之一，"退耕还林还草"的国家行动实施以来，黄土高原的植被覆盖显著改善，然而，这种生态系统的明显变化对区域气候及水循环系统会产生什么样的影响至今还不明晰，这是如何进一步开展"退耕还林还草"工程亟待回答的科学问题。该项目拟以卫星遥感数据、野外观测数据和气候观测数据为基础，研究2001－2010年退耕还林还草期间黄土高原区域植被的时空分布的变化特征，并在此基础上分析植被覆盖变化与区域气候水文过程的相互联系。系统研究植被变化、降水变化、气温、土壤水分、径流和地表蒸散之间的关系，评估黄土高原地区生态系统改善对区域气候变化及其水文过程的影响，为指导生态建设及区域可持续发展提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 退耕还林还草；黄土高原；植被变化；气候及水文效应；相互作用

英文摘要： As a transitional zone of the ecological system and the climate system, the loess plateau is one of the most sensitive areas of global change. Since the implementation of Chinese government's Sloping Land Conversion Program (simply named SLCP), the loess plateau vegetation cover improved significantly, however, how the improvement of the ecological system in this region impact on regional climate change and water cycle system is still not clear, this problem should be answered to further develop "the returning cultivated land to forest and grass" project. Based on satellite remote sensing data, field observation data and climate observation data, this project will study the temporal and spatial distribution of regional vegetation variation features in the loess plateau region during the period of reforestation from 2001 to 2010, and its relationship with the regional climatic change and regional hydrological process. And we will study the relationships among the changes in precipitation and the vegetation, temperature, soil moisture, runoff, evapotranspiration, and systematically assess the effect of improved ecological system in the loess plateau on regional climate change and its hydrological process. These studies will provide scientific advice to further develop SLCP in this region and the regional sustainab

英文关键词： the Grain for Green Project；the losses plateau；LUCC；the effect of climate and hydrology；interaction