复杂曲面拓扑自适应刀具轨迹规划的动态约束界面演化方法与应用

项目名称： 复杂曲面拓扑自适应刀具轨迹规划的动态约束界面演化方法与应用

项目编号： No.50805093

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2009

项目学科： 轻工业、手工业

项目作者： 庄春刚

作者单位： 上海交通大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 本项目针对加工过程易变形、干涉严重、曲率变化大的复杂曲面零件五轴端铣数控加工，以提高加工精度为目标，研究拓扑自适应刀具轨迹规划的动态约束界面演化方法。综合加工区域的几何约束与物理约束，建立刀具轨迹的优化模型，利用变分原理推导驱动曲线在嵌入约束曲面切空间内演化的最优梯度流；构造满足加工精度要求的度量结构，研究拓扑自适应刀具轨迹的最优化条件及高效、高精、稳定的数值求解算法；提出动态约束嵌入界面的刀具/工件描述体系与哈密尔顿-雅可比系统刚体运动模型，研究并行动态局部干涉、全局碰撞检测方法，探索基于嵌入表达的干涉量精确计算及其快速干涉避免方法。应用上述理论与方法，开发基于NURBS插值的复杂曲面数控铣削加工轨迹规划软件系统，通过对弯、宽、扭、薄类零件的实验研究，验证提出的理论与方法的正确性、有效性。项目预期成果将为复杂曲面五轴数控加工的拓扑自适应刀具轨迹规划提供理论基础与技术手段。

中文关键词： 数控加工；复杂曲面；刀具轨迹规划；界面演化；干涉检测。

英文摘要： This project will work on the topological adaptive tool path generation using the dynamic constrained interface method. The improvement of machining accuracy is the main objective of this project. The method of the tool path generation is applied to the easy deformation, interference and complex curvature parts of NC machining. Consider the geometric and physical constraints of machining region, we investigate the optimization model of tool path generation and deduce the optimal gradient flows in the tangent space of embedded surface using the variational theory. We will construct the measurement structure which satisfies to the requirement of machining accuracy. The optimization conditions and the highly efficient, highly precision and stable numerical algorithm are also researched. We will propose the implicit description of the cutter and the workpiece and the motion model of the Hamiltion-Jacobi system. The parallel, local and global interference-free method is explored. The effective method of the avoidance of interference and the identification of interference region is also investigated under the framework of implicit description. Furthermore, we will develop the tool path generation software of NC machining with the NURBS interpolation theory. By the experimental research of the curving, broad, distorting and thin wall part, we validate the proposed theory and method. The research results of this project will give theoretical and technical support for the NC machining of complex part with topological adaptive tool path generation.

英文关键词： NC machining;complex surface;tool path generation;interface propagation;interference detection.