我国电动汽车充放电策略优化及协同机制研究

项目名称： 我国电动汽车充放电策略优化及协同机制研究

项目编号： No.71473083

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 管理科学

项目作者： 张兴平

作者单位： 华北电力大学

项目金额： 65万元

中文摘要： 有序充放电是实现电动汽车节能减排的基础，为此充放电必须考虑到多种资源综合利用、电网稳定运行、异质行为主体的协同。本课题首先考虑多用户的行为特征倾向，分析影响电动汽车充电负荷的影响因素，从发电端、交通端分析不同规模下电动汽车的环境效益。同时在多用户-多模式背景下，获得兼顾可再生能源消纳及电网可靠运行的双重电动汽车有序充电平衡策略。其次，在用户-V2G代理商-电网-发电商的电动汽车放电运营模式下，构建分层优化模型及互补求解模型，挖掘满足时空量需求的有序放电策略。再次，系统梳理不同利益群体的响应机理，对整个价格链条进行系统地集成优化，形成合理可行的分时充放电电价机制及成本分摊机制。最后，构建发电商、电网公司、基础设施运营商、电动汽车用户和政府五方利益的协同机制，实现电动汽车利益主体链的有序高效运行，促进我国电动汽车的持续有序发展。

中文关键词： 电动汽车；异质主体；充放电策略；电价机制；协同机制

英文摘要： Abstract: In order to realize the function of emissions reduction of electric vehicle, the orderly charging/dischanging is nessessary.So three constrains must be considered in designing the charging/discharging strategies: resource comprehensive utilization, stability of the power grid, and the synergy mechanism of heterogeneous stakeholders. Considering the behavioral characteristics under multi-user, we firstly intend to analyze the factors influencing the charging load as well as the environmental benefits of electric vehicles under different scales from the power-generating side and the traffic side. In addition,under the multiuser-multimode,we will construct orderly charging strategies,in which both renewable energy consumption and reliable operation of the grid are considered. Secondly, under the electric vehicle discharge operating mode of User-V2G Agent-Grid-Generator, a hierarchical optimization model and a complementary solution model will be built to explore the orderly discharging strategies, which satisfy the demand equipped with specific parameters of time and space. Based on analyzing the responding mechanism of stakeholders, we will optimize the whole price chain to develop a reasonable and practicable time-sharing charging/discharging price mechanism and cost-sharing mechanism. Finally, a synergy mechanism is constructed to coordinate the stakeholders including generators, gird companies, infrastructure operators, electric vehicle users, and governments, which is crucial to promote sustainable development of China's electric vehicles.

英文关键词： electric vehicle;heterogeneous stakeholders;charging and discharging strategy;electricity price mechanism;synergy mechanism