项目名称: 纳米孔单分子检测技术应用于水体中重金属离子的检测研究
项目编号: No.21205119
项目类型: 青年科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2013
项目学科: 分析化学
项目作者: 刘蕾
作者单位: 中国科学院高能物理研究所
项目金额: 25万元
中文摘要: 水资源是社会和经济可持续发展的重要物质基础。研究并发展用于水污染物检测和治理的新型技术,不仅是重大国家需求,也是前沿科学问题。在各类水污染物中,重金属离子是很大一类,由于其难以被微生物降解,且进入人体后会长期积累,因此水体中只要有微量重金属子即可产生很强的毒性效应,对人体危害极大。本项目拟采用一种新颖的检测技术- - 纳米孔单分子检测技术用于水污染物的高灵敏度检测研究。该技术是近二十年发展起来的一种崭新的单分子检测技术,目前主要应用于DNA分子的测序研究,将其应用于重金属离子检测的研究报道很少。本项目旨在推动纳米孔单分子检测技术的进一步发展,首次提出利用碳纳米管的天然管状结构作为纳米孔,通过纳米孔中分子适配器与重金属离子的特异性相互作用,发展出高灵敏度、特异性强、可同时检测天然水体中多种重金属离子的单分子检测技术。
中文关键词: 碳纳米管;纳米孔;膜片钳;重金属离子;同时检测
英文摘要: Water resources are vital essence for the sustainable development of the society and economics. Researches on exploring new technologies for detection and removal of water pollutants are not only frontier scientific issues, but also part of the country needs. Among different water pollutants, heavy metal ions are particularly harmful due to the facts that they cannot be degraded by bacteria and tend to accumulate in human bodies once taken in. This project proposes to use a lately developed technology, single-molecule nanopore sensing, for the sensitive detection of heavy metal ions in water. The technology was mainly employed in the investigation of DNA translocation through nanopores, and also developed for molecular sensing. In this project, we expand the application of this technique and use it for detecting low concentration heavy metal ions in natural water resources. We propose to establish a new nanopore system based on carbon nanotubes. With the proper design and syntheses of different calixarenes that can lodge inside carbon nanotubes and simultaneously bind heavy metal ions, we aim to develop a highly sensitive and selective nanopore platform for detecting heavy metal ions in water.
英文关键词: carbon nanotube;nanopore;Patch-clamp;heavy metal ion;simultaneous detection