海水中羟基多溴联苯醚和溴代二噁英的光化学形成机理研究

项目名称： 海水中羟基多溴联苯醚和溴代二噁英的光化学形成机理研究

项目编号： No.41206095

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 海洋科学

项目作者： 刘慧

作者单位： 大连海事大学

项目金额： 27万元

中文摘要： 海洋环境介质中存在的高毒性溴代有机物- - 羟基多溴联苯醚(OH-PBDEs)和溴代二噁英(PBDDs)在近年来引起了人们的广泛关注。大量研究认为它们是天然产生的，但是关于它们的形成机理目前尚无定论。光化学反应作为表层海水中普遍发生的反应过程，对溴代有机污染物的天然来源有重要影响。本项目拟选择海洋介质中广泛存在的溴代苯酚为前驱体，研究其在海水中光转化形成OH-PBDEs和PBDDs的过程，揭示天然海水中OH-PBDEs和PBDDs的光化学来源，了解海水性质及光敏性组分对光反应形成OH-PBDEs和PBDDs的影响，识别主要的影响因子和作用规律，并进一步表征参与反应的自由基和中间体，探索分子水平上的反应机理。本研究对正确认识海洋环境中溴代有机物的天然来源，了解有机污染物的环境归趋和生态风险具有一定的科学意义。

中文关键词： 海水；光转化；卤素自由基；羟基多溴联苯醚；二噁英

英文摘要： Hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (OH-PBDEs) and brominated dioxins (PBDDs) have received significant attention due to their high toxicity and wide existence in marine matrices. Although they are thought to be natural products, their origins are not fully understood. Photochemical reaction that occurs universally in surface water plays an important role in the natural formation of brominated organic pollutants in seawater. This project intends to explore the feasibility of the generation of OH-PBDEs and PBDDs in seawater through photochemical processes from bromophenol, a universal organic matter in marine environment. The photochemical formation of OH-PBDEs and PBDDs will be studied in the present of different photosensitive components and in different seawaters in order to identify the main influencing factors. Moreover, the reaction mechanism at the molecular level will be explored by identifying and characterizing the free radicals and intermediates in the reaction process. This project is helpful for better understanding the natural sources of brominated organic compounds in marine environment, and has scientific significance on the environmental fate and ecological risks of organic compounds.

英文关键词： seawater；phototransformation；halogen radicals；OH-PBDEs；Dioxins