氧化石墨烯增强芳纶纳米纤维耐温耐腐蚀机理与空气过滤性能研究

项目名称： 氧化石墨烯增强芳纶纳米纤维耐温耐腐蚀机理与空气过滤性能研究

项目编号： No.51478452

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 其他

项目作者： 任以伟

作者单位： 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院

项目金额： 83万元

中文摘要： 我国大气污染近年来持续加重，对各种工业锅炉、炉窑所排放出来的高温含尘废气排放标准要求更高，过滤材料是高温过滤的核心，传统过滤材料存在过滤效率较低或风阻大的问题。静电纺纳米纤维滤料相对于传统过滤材料，具有孔道贯通性好、孔隙率高、孔径小、孔径分布均匀的特点，具有高效低阻优势，但在高温空气净化应用的研究较少。芳纶高分子材料广泛应用于高温空气净化领域，但其耐温耐腐蚀性能仍需改进。本课题采用静电纺丝技术，首次制备氧化石墨烯掺杂芳纶纳米纤维高温空气净化滤料。基于氧化石墨烯的片阻隔效应，研究氧化石墨烯的尺寸结构、掺杂量、表面亲疏水性对掺杂芳纶纳米纤维滤膜的耐温耐腐蚀性能的影响与机理。基于氧化石墨烯比表面、孔道增加效应和降低滤料表面自由能效应，研究氧化石墨烯的尺寸结构、掺杂量、表面亲疏水性对掺杂芳纶纳米纤维滤膜的空气过滤性能的影响和机理。为制备高性能的高温空气过滤材料提供理论依据和相关技术支持。

中文关键词： 氧化石墨烯；纳米纤维滤膜；高温空气净化；耐温；耐腐蚀

英文摘要： As the increasing severity of air pollution in recent years, a higher standard is urgently required in terms of high temperature emission of dusty gas, which is produced by various boilers and furnaces in industry. The utilization of filtration materials is the key in high temperature filtration. However, the filtration efficiency of traditional materials is low, and the wind resistance is high. By contrast, filtrations that are made from nanofibers, have advantages by possessing massive uniformly distributed and inter-connected pores with small diameter. The nanofibers show lower resistance to wind, and are more effective in filtration. Their applications in air purification at high temperature area, however, have not been reported. Although aramid materials have been widely used in this area, their resistance to high temperature and corrosion needs to be improved. In this project, for the first time, graphene oxide (GO) is introduced into aramid nanofibers, by means of electrostatic spinning, in order to prepare air filtration materials for the high temperature applications. Owing to the exceptional barrier and insulation properties of GO, effects of GO features including size, content, and surface hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity, on the high-temperature and corrosion resistance of the hybrid aramid nanofiber membranes are investigated qualitatively and quantitatively. In the mean time, the relationships between the GO features and the filtration properties of the membranes are analyzed, according to the high aspect ratio and the increased specific surface area that is induced by GO, as well as its reduction effect on surface free energy of the membranes. From this study, a theoretical basis and the corresponding technical parameters are established for the development of high performance air-filtration materials for high temperature uses.

英文关键词： Graphene oxide;Nanofiber membrane;High temperature air purification;Anti-heat;Anti-corrosion