基于褐煤离子交换特性的生物质/褐煤共气化过程催化转化机理研究

项目名称： 基于褐煤离子交换特性的生物质/褐煤共气化过程催化转化机理研究

项目编号： No.51206050

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 工程热物理与能源利用学科

项目作者： 肖显斌

作者单位： 华北电力大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 生物质气化制富氢合成气目前仍然存在着气化系统整体热效率较低与合成气焦油含量较高等问题，气化操作参数的优化方法还有待研究，高效低成本的催化剂还有待开发。本课题在前期工作的基础上，基于褐煤的离子交换特性，研发新型褐煤担载镍基催化剂；利用量子化学密度泛函方法和实验方法开展生物质/褐煤共气化过程中催化转化机理的研究；获得焦油在催化剂表面吸附、反应和脱附机理及反应动力学参数；探索镍、煤焦、碱金属和碱土金属成分的协同作用机理，获得催化剂抑制积炭、抗失活的反应途径与反应机理；寻求从气化反应残余物回收热量的方法，最终构建基于褐煤离子交换特性的生物质/褐煤共气化制氢的集成系统。本课题研究为实现生物质/褐煤的高值化利用奠定重要的基础。

中文关键词： 褐煤；离子交换；催化气化；富氢合成气；焦油

英文摘要： The principal problems existing in hydrogen-rich sygas production from biomass gasification are low thermal efficiency and high tar content. Optimization of the reaction conditions and development of the catalyst with high activity and low cost are required. Following our previous research, a novel Ni-loading brown coal catalyst is developed by ion-exchange method and biomass/brown coal co-gasification is investigated by density function theory and experiments. Mechanisms on adsorption, reaction and de-adsoption of tar at the catalyst's surface, and reaction dynamics are obtained. Independent and synergetic effects of Ni, coal char, alkali and alkaline earth mental species (AAEM) are analyzed. The resistance of coke formation and the ability of anti-deactivation of such catalyst are summarized as reactions paths and mechanisms. Heat recovery from the gasification residues is also proposed, to ultimately establish the combined system of biomass/brown coal co-gasification based on the ion-exchangeable characteristics. The research forms the fundamental basis of the biomass/brown coal's high-value utilization.

英文关键词： Brown coal；Ion-exchange；Catalytic gasification；Hydrogen-rich syngas；Tar