新疆珍稀核桃露仁性状相关基因克隆及其功能验证

项目名称： 新疆珍稀核桃露仁性状相关基因克隆及其功能验证

项目编号： No.31260469

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 张锐

作者单位： 塔里木大学

项目金额： 50万元

中文摘要： 新疆是我国的重要核桃产区之一。新疆珍稀核桃种质"温138"果壳极薄，壳面部分退化、开裂造成露仁，是核桃深加工的首选原料资源。核桃果壳的硬化主要是由细胞壁次生代谢物木质素的沉积造成，但是"温138"核桃露仁现象及其与之相关的果壳硬化过程中木质素代谢相关基因及其功能尚不清楚，本项目以新疆珍稀露仁核桃种质"温138"为研究材料，其芽变亲本"纸皮"为对照，集成开裂相关基因FUL和SHP的克隆与时空表达，转录组测序、分析及候选关键基因转基因功能验证，透射电镜观察木质素沉积进程，木质素代谢途径中物质及酶活测定等研究手段，深入研究"温138"露仁机制，阐明核桃露仁分子机理。开展本项目研究，为推测核桃内果皮形成机理，开展核桃内果皮发育研究及其培育高品质露仁核桃奠定基础，对新疆特有核桃资源的品种保护、科学利用等具有重要意义。

中文关键词： 核桃；内果皮；表达；转录组测序；木质素缺失

英文摘要： Xinjiang is one of the important walnut-producing areas in China. Germplasm of Xinjiang rare walnut "wen 138" is the preferred raw material resources of the Walnut further processing because of its thinner shell, partial degraded shell and bared-nut when cracking. Nut shell's sclerosis of walnut is caused mainly by lignin deposition of cell wall secondary metabolites. However, "wen138" walnuts' bared-nut phenomenon, and its associated lignin metabolites' genes and function are not clear. Xinjiang's rare bared-nut walnut "wen138" used as study materials, and its bud variation parent "zhipi" as control. "wen138" walnut bared -nut mechanism was studied, and bared-nut molecular mechanism was clarified by a series of research methods, containing cloning and spatial-temporal expression of shell-cracking related genes FUL and SHP, RNA-Seq and analysis, transgenic functional characterization of selecting key genes, electron microscopy observation of lignin deposition process, and assaying of substance and enzyme activity during lignin metabolites. This study aims at laying the foundation for speculating the formation mechanism of walnut endocarp, developing walnut's endocarp growth research and breeding high-quality bared-nut walnut, which has great significance for protecting and utilizing of Xinjiang's characteristic

英文关键词： bared walnut；endocarp；expression；RNA-seq；Insufficient lignin