The popularity of Electric Vehicles (EVs) has been rising across the globe in recent years. Smart grids will be the backbone for EV charging and enable efficient consumption of electricity by the EVs. With the demand for EVs, associated cyber threats are also increasing. Users expose their personal information while charging their EVs, leading to privacy threats. This paper proposes a user-empowered, privacy-aware authenticated key exchange protocol for EV charging in smart grid. The proposed protocol is based on the concept of Decentralized Identifier (DID) and Verifiable Credentials (VCs). The use of DIDs empowers users by helping them to have complete control over their identities. The charging station and the user verify that the other party is legitimate before proceeding with the charging services using VC. Key recovery is another issue we address in this paper. A method to recover lost keys is incorporated into the proposed protocol. We present formal security proof and informal analysis to show that protocol's robustness against several attacks. We also provide a detailed performance analysis to show that the proposed protocol is efficient.
翻译:近年来,电动车(EV)在全球的普及程度不断提高。智能电网将成为EV充电和使EV能高效使用电力的支柱。随着对EV的需求增加,相关的网络威胁也在增加。用户在充电时披露个人信息,导致隐私威胁。本文件提出了智能电网中EV充电的用户驱动、隐私意识认证关键交换协议。拟议的协议以分散识别器(DID)和可验证证书(VC)的概念为基础。DIDS的使用将增强用户的能力,帮助他们完全控制其身份。充电站和用户在使用VC进行充电服务之前核实另一方是否合法。关键回收是我们本文中处理的另一个问题。一个收回丢失钥匙的方法被纳入了拟议的协议。我们提出了正式的安全证据和非正式分析,以显示协议对几次袭击的稳健性。我们还提供了详细的绩效分析,以显示拟议的协议是有效的。