Steganography is one of the information hiding techniques, which conceals secret messages in cover media. Digital image and audio are the most studied cover media for steganography. However, so far, there is no research on steganography to utilize complex networks as cover media. To investigate the possibility and feasibility of complex networks as cover media for steganography, we introduce steganography of complex networks through three algorithms: BIND, BYMOND, and BYNIS. BIND hides two bits of a secret message in an edge, while BYMOND encodes a byte in an edge, without changing the original network structures. Encoding simulation experiments for the networks of Open Graph Benchmark demonstrated BIND and BYMOND can successfully hide random messages in the edge lists. BYNIS synthesizes edges by generating node identifiers from a given message. The degree distribution of stego network synthesized by BYNIS was mostly close to a power-law. Steganography of complex networks is expected to have applications such as watermarking to protect proprietary datasets, or sensitive information hiding for privacy preservation.
翻译:图像和音频是最受研究的隐蔽介质。 然而,迄今为止,还没有关于将复杂网络用作隐蔽介质的研究。为了调查复杂网络作为隐蔽介质的可能性和可行性,我们通过三种算法(BIND、BYMOND和BYNIS)对复杂网络进行扫描。 BIND在边缘隐藏了两位秘密信息,而BYMOND在边缘编码了一个字节,而不改变原始网络结构。显示为BIND和BYMOND的开放图表基准网络的模拟实验可以成功地将随机信息隐藏在边缘列表中。 BYNIS通过生成给定信息中的节点识别符来合成边缘。由BYNIS合成的斯特戈网络的分布程度大多接近于一种权力法。 复杂网络的刻度学预计将有诸如水标记来保护专有数据集,或保护隐私的敏感信息隐藏等应用。