The high energy consumption of proof of work-based distributed ledgers has become an important environmental concern. Bitcoin, for example, consumes as much energy in a year as a developed country. Alternative consensus mechanisms, such as proof of stake, have been shown to use drastically less energy than proof of work-based DLTs. For example, the IOTA DLT, built upon a directed acyclic graph (DAG) architecture, uses an alternative consensus mechanism that requires significantly less energy than other DLTs. Because the (DLT) space is constantly and rapidly evolving, the question of how much energy DLTs actually consume demands to be continuously studied and answered. Previous research into the energy consumption of the IOTA network has shown that an optimization in the overall protocol correlates to an optimization in energy consumption. The planned IOTA 2.0 update, built upon the GoShimmer research prototype, promises to further optimize the protocol by removing the network's centralized Coordinator. This report presents the results of measuring the energy consumption of a private GoShimmer network while comparing these findings to previous research into the current mainnet, which is called Chrysalis. The main findings of this report are that the IOTA 2.0 research prototype shows both improvements and increase in the energy consumption metrics compared to the Chrysalis network. Additionally, this report defines a model to estimate the total annual energy consumption of an IOTA network. This model should be significant for future research as it enables a way to estimate the total cost of running the IOTA network as well as its carbon emissions. Moreover, having an annual power consumption metric allows for better objective comparisons to different DLTs.
翻译:以基于工作的分布分类账证明的高能源消耗量已成为一个重要的环境问题。例如,比特币在一年中消耗的能源量与发达国家一样多。替代的共识机制,例如利益证明,证明比基于工作DLT的证明要少得多。例如,基于定向环球图(DAG)结构的IOTA DLT, 使用比其他DLT要少得多的能源的替代共识机制。由于(DLT)空间不断和迅速演变,能源DLT实际消耗的能源量与发达国家一样多。以前对IOTA网络的能源消耗量所作的研究显示,总体协议的优化与基于工作DLT的DLT的优化相关。基于Goshimmer研究原型(DA)的原型计划IOTA DLTDLT将进一步优化协议。本报告介绍了测量私人GoShimmer网络能源消耗量的结果,同时将这些结果与当前主网(称为Chryalalis总成本和答案)进行比较。关于IOTLTLT网络的年度成本估算结果,这是一份与IMOLOT网络的主要结果,作为ILOT的模型,这是一份不同能源网络的模型。