Common sense has always been of interest in Artificial Intelligence, but has rarely taken center stage. Despite its mention in one of John McCarthy's earliest papers and years of work by dedicated researchers, arguably no AI system with a serious amount of general common sense has ever emerged. Why is that? What's missing? Examples of AI systems' failures of common sense abound, and they point to AI's frequent focus on expertise as the cause. Those attempting to break the resulting brittleness barrier, even in the context of modern deep learning, have tended to invest their energy in large numbers of small bits of commonsense knowledge. While important, all the commonsense knowledge fragments in the world don't add up to a system that actually demonstrates common sense in a human-like way. We advocate examining common sense from a broader perspective than in the past. Common sense should be considered in the context of a full cognitive system with history, goals, desires, and drives, not just in isolated circumscribed examples. A fresh look is needed: common sense is worthy of its own dedicated scientific exploration.
翻译:常识总是对人工智能感兴趣,但很少占据中心舞台。尽管约翰·麦卡锡的早期论文中提到了它,而且致力于研究者的多年工作都提到它,但可以说从来没有出现过任何具有严重一般常识的AI系统。为什么没有呢?缺少什么?AI系统缺乏常识的例子,它们指出AI系统经常注重专门知识,而这是原因之一。试图打破由此产生的微弱障碍的人,即使是在现代深层次的学习中,也倾向于将精力投入大量微小的常识知识中。尽管如此,世界上所有常识知识的碎片都不等于实际以人类方式显示常识的系统。我们主张从比过去更广泛的角度来研究常识。常识应该从一个具有历史、目标、愿望和驱动力的全面认知系统的角度来考虑,而不仅仅是孤立的限定的例子。需要重新审视:常识是值得自己专门进行科学探索的。