While false rumors pose a threat to the successful overcoming of the COVID-19 pandemic, an understanding of how rumors diffuse in online social networks is - even for non-crisis situations - still in its infancy. Here we analyze a large sample consisting of COVID-19 rumor cascades from Twitter that have been fact-checked by third-party organizations. The data comprises N=10,610 rumor cascades that have been retweeted more than 24 million times. We investigate whether COVID-19 misinformation spreads more viral than the truth and whether the differences in the diffusion of true vs. false rumors can be explained by the moral emotions they carry. We observe that, on average, COVID-19 misinformation is more likely to go viral than truthful information. However, the veracity effect is moderated by moral emotions: false rumors are more viral than the truth if the source tweets embed a high number of other-condemning emotion words, whereas a higher number of self-conscious emotion words is linked to a less viral spread. The effects are pronounced both for health misinformation and false political rumors. These findings offer insights into how true vs. false rumors spread and highlight the importance of considering emotions from the moral emotion families in social media content.
翻译:虽然虚假的流言对成功克服COVID-19大流行构成了威胁,但对于网上社交网络传播的流言如何在网络上传播 — — 甚至对于非危机局势来说也是如此 — — 仍然处于萌芽阶段。 我们在这里分析了由第三方组织进行事实检查的Twitter上由COVID-19大流级联组成的大量样本。 数据包括N=10, 610大流言串行,这些流言串串联了超过2400万次的反响。 我们调查COVID-19大流言是否比真理传播的多,以及真实和谣言传播的差别是否可以用它们带来的道德情绪来解释。 我们观察到,平均而言,COVID-19错误的流言会比真实的信息更容易传播。 然而,真实性的效果是由道德情绪所调动的:假传言比真相要多,如果来源的推文中含有大量其他调调调的情绪单词,而自我意识的情绪单词则与病毒传播较少有关。 健康传言和政治谣言的影响是显而易见的。 这些发现对媒体内容的真实性传播和道德情绪的重要性都有洞察。