Millimeter wave signals and large antenna arrays are considered enabling technologies for future 5G networks. While their benefits for achieving high-data rate communications are well-known, their potential advantages for accurate positioning are largely undiscovered. We derive the Cram\'{e}r-Rao bound (CRB) on position and rotation angle estimation uncertainty from millimeter wave signals from a single transmitter, in the presence of scatterers. We also present a novel two-stage algorithm for position and rotation angle estimation that attains the CRB for average to high signal-to-noise ratio. The algorithm is based on multiple measurement vectors matching pursuit for coarse estimation, followed by a refinement stage based on the space-alternating generalized expectation maximization algorithm. We find that accurate position and rotation angle estimation is possible using signals from a single transmitter, in either line-of- sight, non-line-of-sight, or obstructed-line-of-sight conditions.
翻译:用于未来5G网络的千兆瓦信号和大型天线阵列被认为是有利于未来的5G网络的技术。虽然它们对于实现高数据率通信的好处是众所周知的,但它们在准确定位方面的潜在优势基本上尚未发现。我们从一个发射机的散射器面前,从一个发射机的定位和旋转角度信号中得出定位和旋转角度估计不确定性的Cram\'{e}r-Rao捆绑(CRB)值。我们还为位置和旋转角度估算提供了一种新型的两阶段算法,使CRB达到平均至高信号对噪声比率。算法的基础是多个测量矢量对准粗度估算的追求,随后又根据空间交互通用预期最大化算法进入一个完善阶段。我们发现,准确的位置和旋转角度估算是有可能使用单一发射机的信号,无论是视线、非视线、或视线阻隔线的信号。