A sunflower with $r$ petals is a collection of $r$ sets so that the intersection of each pair is equal to the intersection of all of them. Erd\H{o}s and Rado proved the sunflower lemma: for any fixed $r$, any family of sets of size $w$, with at least about $w^w$ sets, must contain a sunflower with $r$ petals. The famous sunflower conjecture states that the bound on the number of sets can be improved to $c^w$ for some constant $c$. In this paper, we improve the bound to about $(\log w)^w$. In fact, we prove the result for a robust notion of sunflowers, for which the bound we obtain is sharp up to lower order terms.
翻译:花瓣价值为$$的向日葵是每对花朵的集合,这样每对花朵的交叉点就等于所有花朵的交叉点。 Erd\H{o}s和Rado证明了向日葵的亮度:对于任何固定的$,任何大小为$(至少约合1美元)的家族都必须包含一个带有$($)的花瓣的向日葵。著名的向日葵猜想说,对每对花的界限可以改进为$($)和美元($)之间的交叉点。在本文中,我们改进了对$($)(log w)的界限。事实上,我们证明了一个坚固的向日葵概念的结果,我们得到的对向日葵的界限是尖锐的到更低的顺序条件。