Human-robot interaction and game theory have developed distinct theories of trust for over three decades in relative isolation from one another. Human-robot interaction has focused on the underlying dimensions, layers, correlates, and antecedents of trust models, while game theory has concentrated on the psychology and strategies behind singular trust decisions. Both fields have grappled to understand over-trust and trust calibration, as well as how to measure trust expectations, risk, and vulnerability. This paper presents initial steps in closing the gap between these fields. Using insights and experimental findings from interdependence theory and social psychology, this work starts by analyzing a large game theory competition data set to demonstrate that the strongest predictors for a wide variety of human-human trust interactions are the interdependence-derived variables for commitment and trust that we have developed. It then presents a second study with human subject results for more realistic trust scenarios, involving both human-human and human-machine trust. In both the competition data and our experimental data, we demonstrate that the interdependence metrics better capture social `overtrust' than either rational or normative psychological reasoning, as proposed by game theory. This work further explores how interdependence theory--with its focus on commitment, coercion, and cooperation--addresses many of the proposed underlying constructs and antecedents within human-robot trust, shedding new light on key similarities and differences that arise when robots replace humans in trust interactions.
翻译:30多年来,人类机器人互动和游戏理论在相对孤立的情况下发展了不同的信任理论。人类机器人互动侧重于信任模式的基本层面、层次、关联性和先兆,而游戏理论则侧重于单一信任决定背后的心理学和战略。这两个领域都努力理解过度信任和信任校准,以及如何衡量信任期望、风险和脆弱性。本文件介绍了缩小这些领域之间差距的初步步骤。利用相互依存理论和社会心理学的洞察力和实验性发现,这项工作始于分析大型游戏理论竞争数据集,以表明人类信任互动的强大预测者是我们所形成的承诺和信任的相互依存衍生变量。然后,它提出了第二个人类主题研究结果,以更加现实的信任情景为基础,既包括人类信任,也包括人类机器信任。在竞争数据和我们的实验数据中,我们证明相互依存衡量标准更好地反映社会“过度信任”而不是游戏理论所提议的理性或规范的心理推理,从而表明,在游戏理论中,人类信任的相互依存理论和新承诺、关键信任的建立过程中,我们进一步探索了多种相互依存理论的理论互动关系,在人类承诺、人类承诺中,以及人类承诺中,在人类信任中,我们展示时,我们发现,在人类信任中,我们发现,我们发现,相互依存度中产生了许多相互依存的争论的争论是产生。