The mediated semi-quantum key distribution (MSQKD) protocol is an important research issue that lets two classical participants share secret keys securely between each other with the help of a third party (TP). However, in the existing MSQKD protocols, there are two improvable issues, namely (1) the classical participants must be equipped with expensive detectors to avoid Trojan horse attacks and (2) the trustworthiness level of TP must be honest. To the best of our knowledge, none of the existing MSQKD protocols can resolve both these issues. Therefore, this study takes Bell states as the quantum resource to propose a MSQKD protocol, in which the classical participants do not need a Trojan horse detector and the TP is dishonest. Furthermore, the proposed protocol is shown to be secure against well-known attacks and the classical participants only need two quantum capabilities. Therefore, in comparison to the existing MSQKD protocols, the proposed protocol is better practical.
翻译：介质半量方钥匙分配协议(MSQKD)是一个重要的研究问题,让两个古典参与者在第三方(TP)的帮助下安全地彼此共享秘密钥匙。然而,在现有的MSQKD协议中,有两个可以考虑的问题,即:(1) 古典参与者必须配备昂贵的探测器以避免特洛伊马攻击,(2) TP的可信度必须诚实。据我们所知,现有的MSQKD协议中没有一个能够解决这两个问题。因此,本研究将贝尔国家作为提出MSQKD协议的量子资源,在这个协议中,古典参与者不需要一个特洛伊马探测器,TP是不诚实的。此外,拟议的协议被证明对众所周知的攻击是安全的,而古典参与者只需要两种量子能力。因此,与现有的MSQKD协议相比,拟议的协议更加实用。
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