A reservoir computer is a type of dynamical system arranged to do computation. Typically, a reservoir computer is constructed by connecting a large number of nonlinear nodes in a network that includes recurrent connections. In order to achieve accurate results, the reservoir usually contains hundreds to thousands of nodes. This high dimensionality makes it difficult to analyze the reservoir computer using tools from dynamical systems theory. Additionally, the need to create and connect large numbers of nonlinear nodes makes it difficult to design and build analog reservoir computers that can be faster and consume less power than digital reservoir computers. We demonstrate here that a reservoir computer may be divided into two parts; a small set of nonlinear nodes (the reservoir), and a separate set of time-shifted reservoir output signals. The time-shifted output signals serve to increase the rank and memory of the reservoir computer, and the set of nonlinear nodes may create an embedding of the input dynamical system. We use this time-shifting technique to obtain excellent performance from an opto-electronic delay-based reservoir computer with only a small number of virtual nodes. Because only a few nonlinear nodes are required, construction of a reservoir computer becomes much easier, and delay-based reservoir computers can operate at much higher speeds.
翻译:储油层计算机是一种安排进行计算的一种动态系统。 一般来说, 储油层计算机是通过连接网络中包括经常性连接在内的大量非线性节点来建造的。 为了取得准确的结果, 储油层通常包含数百至数千个节点。 这种高维性使得很难使用动态系统理论的工具来分析储油层计算机。 此外, 需要创建和连接大量非线性节点, 使得设计和建造模拟储油层计算机变得比数字储油层计算机更快, 耗电较少。 我们在这里表明, 储油层计算机可以分为两部分; 一组小型的非线性节点( 储油层), 以及一套单独的时间性移动储油层输出信号。 时间变动输出信号有助于增加储油层计算机的级别和记忆力, 非线性节点组合可能会造成输入动态系统的嵌入。 我们使用这种时间变技术来从基于Opto- 电子延迟的储油层计算机中获得极好的性能。 因为只有少量的虚拟节点, 只有少数个非线性节点, 只有几个非线性节点的节点, 能够更方便地建造更快速的储油库。