The evolution of scientific fields has been attracting much attention in recent years. One of the key issues in evolution of scientific field is to quantify the dissimilarity between two collections of scientific publications in literature. Many existing works study the evolution based on one or two dissimilarity measures, despite the fact that there are many different dissimilarity measures. Finding the appropriate dissimilarity measures among such a collection of choices is of fundamental importance to the study of scientific evolution. In this article, we develop a new measure of the evolution combining twelve keyword-based temporal dissimilarities of the scientific fields using the method of principal component analysis. To demonstrate the usage of this new measure, we chose four scientific fields: environmental studies, information science & library science, mechanical informatics, and religion. A database consisting of 274453 bibliographic records in these four chosen fields from 1991 to 2019 are built. The results show that all these four scientific fields share an overall decreasing trend in evolution from 1991 to 2019 and different fields exhibits different evolution patterns during different time periods.
翻译:近年来,科学领域的演进引起了许多注意。科学领域演进的关键问题之一是量化文献中两个科学出版物收藏的差别。许多现有著作根据一个或两个不同的计量方法研究这种演变,尽管有许多不同的计量方法。在这样一系列选择中找到适当的不同计量方法对于研究科学演进具有根本重要性。在本篇文章中,我们用主要组成部分分析的方法,将12个关键字基础上的科学领域时间差异的差别结合起来,制定了新的演进计量方法。为了展示这一新计量方法的使用情况,我们选择了四个科学领域:环境研究、信息科学和图书馆科学、机械信息学和宗教。建立了一个数据库,由1991年至2019年这四个选定领域的274453个书目记录组成。结果显示,所有这四个科学领域在1991年至2019年的演进中呈全面下降趋势,不同领域在不同时期呈现不同的演进模式。