FAIR和开放计算机科学研究软件 (FAIR and Open Computer Science Research Software)

In computational science and in computer science, research software is a central asset for research. Computational science is the application of computer science and software engineering principles to solving scientific problems, whereas computer science is the study of computer hardware and software design. The Open Science agenda holds that science advances faster when we can build on existing results. Therefore, research software has to be reusable for advancing science. Thus, we need proper research software engineering for obtaining reusable and sustainable research software. This way, software engineering methods may improve research in other disciplines. However, research in software engineering and computer science itself will also benefit from reuse when research software is involved. For good scientific practice, the resulting research software should be open and adhere to the FAIR principles (findable, accessible, interoperable and repeatable) to allow repeatability, reproducibility, and reuse. Compared to research data, research software should be both archived for reproducibility and actively maintained for reusability. The FAIR data principles do not require openness, but research software should be open source software. Established open source software licenses provide sufficient licensing options, such that it should be the rare exception to keep research software closed. We review and analyze the current state in this area in order to give recommendations for making computer science research software FAIR and open. We observe that research software publishing practices in computer science and in computational science show significant differences.

翻译：在计算学和计算机科学中,研究软件是研究的核心资产。计算科学是应用计算机科学和软件工程原则解决科学问题,而计算机科学则是研究计算机硬件和软件设计。开放科学议程认为,当我们能够利用现有成果时,科学进步更快。因此,研究软件必须可再用于推进科学。因此,我们需要适当的研究软件工程,以获得可再使用和可持续的研究软件。这样,软件工程方法可以改善其他学科的研究。然而,软件工程和计算机科学的研究本身也将受益于研究软件的再利用。就良好的科学实践而言,所产生的研究软件应该开放并遵守FAIR原则(可实现、可获取、可互操作和可重复),以便允许重复、可复制和再利用。与研究数据相比,研究软件应当存档,以便重新推广,并积极保持可重复性。FAIR数据原则不需要公开性,但研究软件应该是开放源软件。建立开放源软件许可证,提供了充分的许可选项,因此,因此,由此产生的研究软件应用软件应该成为罕见的例外,以保持FAIR原则的可重复、可重复性。我们从计算机的科学研究中分析并展示软件的软件计算方法。我们在目前研究领域对软件的科学研究进行开放的软件的软件应用中,分析和解释。