一种面向物联网的公平轻量级共识算法 (A Fair and Lightweight Consensus Algorithm for IoT)

With the rapid growth of hyperconnected devices and decentralized data architectures, safeguarding Internet of Things (IoT) transactions is becoming increasingly challenging. Blockchain presents a promising solution, yet its effectiveness depends on the underlying consensus algorithm. Conventional mechanisms, such as Proof of Work and Proof of Stake, are often impractical for resource-constrained IoT environments. To address these limitations, this work introduces a fair and lightweight hybrid consensus algorithm tailored for IoT. The proposed approach minimizes resource demands on the nodes while providing a fair and secure agreement process. Specifically, it utilizes a distributed lottery mechanism to ensure fair block proposals without requiring dedicated hardware. In addition, to enhance trust and establish finality, a reputation-based voting mechanism is incorporated. Finally, we experimentally validated the key features of the proposed consensus algorithm.

翻译：随着超连接设备和去中心化数据架构的快速增长，保障物联网（IoT）交易的安全性正变得日益具有挑战性。区块链技术提供了一种前景广阔的解决方案，但其有效性取决于底层共识算法。传统机制（如工作量证明和权益证明）通常不适用于资源受限的物联网环境。为应对这些局限性，本研究提出了一种专为物联网设计的公平轻量级混合共识算法。该方法在提供公平安全共识过程的同时，最大限度地降低了对节点的资源需求。具体而言，它采用分布式抽签机制来确保公平的区块提议，且无需专用硬件。此外，为增强信任并确立最终性，算法还引入了基于信誉的投票机制。最后，我们通过实验验证了所提共识算法的关键特性。