基于时间-空间联合移相的天文光学镜面复杂环境干涉测试技术研究

项目名称： 基于时间-空间联合移相的天文光学镜面复杂环境干涉测试技术研究

项目编号： No.11503017

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 孙文卿

作者单位： 苏州科技大学

项目金额： 23万元

中文摘要： 在现代天文望远镜中，大口径高精度的光学镜面广泛应用。为了对这些镜面进行干涉检测，经常需要搭建长干涉腔长的测试光路。然而，在测量过程中，各种环境因素将会对最终结果造成显著影响，包括环境振动、空气湍流、温度变化、光源的稳定性等。使用动态干涉仪进行此类测试，可以降低振动引起的误差，但是其他环境影响因素依然存在。对于这些因素的分析和消除，目前的研究较少，未建立起全面系统的理论。因此，本申请提出使用元胞自动机理论作为分析框架，设计关键移相组件，获取时间-空间联合移相干涉数据，研究各种复杂环境因素对长腔长干涉测试结果的影响，建立相应的数学模型。并根据上述理论开发相应的相位恢复算法，研制适用于大口径、复杂环境的干涉测试平台。解决在复杂环境下，大口径光学镜面的干涉测量问题，为当代天文光学镜面的制造和检测服务。

中文关键词： 光学检测；干涉检验；相位恢复；天文光学镜面；离轴非球面

英文摘要： In modern telescopes, large-diameter high-precision optical mirror is widely used. To measure these mirrors with interferometry, a long optical path cavity is almost necessary. However, in the measurement, various environmental factors will have significant effects on the test result, including environmental vibration, air turbulence, temperature changes, stability of the light source and so on. Using dynamic interferometer can reduce the impact of vibration factors significantly, but some other factors are still exist. For the analysis of these factors and the elimination method is still a lack of systematic research conclusion. Accordingly, this study proposes the use of cellular automata theory as an analytic framework, develop of the key components of the phase shift and acquisition time-space combined phase-shifting interference data. Research the impact on the result of a variety of complex environmental factors on long cavity interference affect, and the corresponding mathematical models. The platform for testing the large diameter, complex environment with interferometry and corresponding phase retrieval algorithm based on the above theory is developed. The problems of measurement for large diameter optical interference cavity length within complex environment will be solved. The theoretical results of this study will serve manufacturing and testing of modern astronomical mirror.

英文关键词： Optical testing;Interferometry;Phase reconstruction;Astronomical mirror;off-axis aspherics