近海大气中全氟/多氟烷基化合物的赋存规律与大气传输机制研究

项目名称： 近海大气中全氟/多氟烷基化合物的赋存规律与大气传输机制研究

项目编号： No.21477028

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 化学工业

项目作者： 王震

作者单位： 国家海洋环境监测中心

项目金额： 90万元

中文摘要： 作为在环境中普遍存在的全氟辛基磺酸盐及盐类和全氟辛酸等全氟化合物的前驱体，中性(neutral)和离子型(ionic)的全氟/多氟烷基化合物(PFASs)在大气中的赋存状态、气固分配与长距离迁移行为直接影响着它们的环境归趋，而目前对这些PFASs在大气中的环境行为仍知之甚少。本项目提出在城市地区和远离城市的海岛同时采集大气样品，选择典型PFASs组分为目标物，研究它们在我国北黄海城市和海岛大气中的浓度水平与赋存状态，评估各组分的排放源的源强，揭示控制PFASs气固分配行为关键因素与机理以及控制大气PFASs长距离迁移与源-汇差异的机制，阐明区域内PFASs海-气间源与汇变换的临界条件，评估大气输入对区域海洋环境中PFASs的贡献量。本项目对于揭示PFASs的环境归趋，特别是在海洋大气环境中分布和长距离迁移规律，以及准确评价PFASs的环境风险都具有重要的科学意义。

中文关键词： 全氟烷基化合物；多氟烷基化合物；气固分配；大气传输；海气交互作用

英文摘要： Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are important precursors of perfluorooctane sulfonate and perfluorooctanoate in the environment, however, to date, there have been few reports on the environmental behaviors of atmospheric PFASs. Thus, it is nevessary to investigate the occurrence, gas/particle partitioning and long range transport potential of PFASs in the atmosphere. The objects of the study are to (1) investigate the occurrence and levels of neutral and ionic PFASs in the atmosphere of typical urban and island in the coast of north China; (2) estimate the emission source strength of typical PFASs in urban and island atmosphere employing the multimedia environmental model; (3) explain the mechanism and factors controlling the gas/particle pertitioning of PFASs, and processes of influencing the variations of composition profiles of various PFAS compounds and their long range atmospheric transport potential between source and sink areas; (4) reveal the critical condition of air-sea exchange of typical PFASs between source and sink; and (5) assess the contribution of atmospheric input to the marine environments for PFASs in the research region. The results obtained in the present study are expected to be helpful to understand the environmental fate of PFASs, especial for their distribution and long range transport in the marine atmosphere, and to assess the environmental risks of PFASs.

英文关键词： PFASs;FTOH;gas-particle partitioning;long range atmospheric transport;air-sea exchange