多跳无线传感器网络中自适应混合MAC协议的研究

项目名称： 多跳无线传感器网络中自适应混合MAC协议的研究

项目编号： No.61471177

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 无线电电子学、电信技术

项目作者： 胡晓娅

作者单位： 华中科技大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 多跳拓扑条件下无线传感器网络中存在隐藏终端，从而导致节点间冲突频发，网络性能恶化。现有MAC协议局限于单跳或轻负载多跳网络研究，没有考虑多跳网络中的持续冲突问题。针对上述问题，本项目拟将CSMA/CA和CDMA机制进行有机结合，设计、分析、实现和评估一种能根据网络流量进行自适应无缝切换的混合MAC协议。研究内容包括：1）持续冲突检测机制的设计；2）动态分布式CDMA机制的设计；3）协议数学建模和分析；4）协议的实验和仿真评估。创新之处在于：1）在MAC层引入码域内冲突自由的CDMA机制，并结合CSMA/CA设计可自适应切换的混合协议；2）设计基于生成域的持续冲突检测机制，解决无线网络中的冲突检测问题；3）设计动态分布式正交码产生、分配和优化算法，建立CDMA在无线传感器网络中的应用机制。本项目成果可促进无线传感器网络技术在多跳环境下的广泛应用，为提高类似无线多跳网络性能提供一种新思路和新方法。

中文关键词： 传感器网；网络协议；数据链路协议

英文摘要： There exist hidden terminals in wireless sensor networks with multi-hops topology, which results in high collision rate and leads to performance degradation of the network. Moreover, the existing MAC mechanism don't consider the problem and is confined to single hop and multi-hops at low load. In view of the current study situation, the adaptive hybrid MAC protocol is designed, analyzed, implemented and evaluated in this proposal. The main content include: 1) the detection mechanism of sustained contention; 2) the distributive and dynamic CDM mechanism; 3) mathematical models and analysis of the hybrid protocol; 4) experiment testing and simulation evaluation of the protocol. The innovation lies in: 1) introducing the CDM mechanism based on collision free in code domain for the MAC layer and the adaptively switch hybrid method with CSMA/CA mechanism; 2) designing the detection mechanism of sustained contention based on generation domain to solve the problem of collision detection in wireless networks; 3) designing the adaptive and distributive generation, allocation and optimization algorithms of orthogonal code for the CDM mechanism application in wireless sensor networks. Achievements of the project are able to promote the application of wireless sensor networks under multiple hops topology and provide a new thought and method to improve similar networks performance.

英文关键词： wireless sensor networks;network protocol;data link layer protocol