重金属和抗生素对土壤氨氧化过程及其微生物的复合影响机制

项目名称： 重金属和抗生素对土壤氨氧化过程及其微生物的复合影响机制

项目编号： No.41471215

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 地质学

项目作者： 曾巧云

作者单位： 华南农业大学

项目金额： 90万元

中文摘要： 红壤有机养分贫瘠和酸化问题使禽畜粪便农用成为耦合地力提升和废弃物资源处置的重要途径，明确猪粪农用导致的重金属和抗生素复合输入对土壤氮循环的胁迫效应与机制，对实现禽畜废弃物资源安全利用具有重要意义。本研究拟在调查规模养猪场废弃物有机养分状况，重金属和四环素类抗生素等典型污染物残留特征基础上，设计田间定位试验研究猪粪重金属和四环素类抗生素的土壤老化和转化等环境行为，揭示复合输入对土壤氨氧化过程及其关键功能微生物的影响效应和规律。利用模拟体系控制性实验，结合稳定性同位素探针技术（DNA-SIP）、实时荧光定量PCR和高通量测序技术深入研究重金属和四环素单一和复合污染对土壤氨氧化过程及其关键功能微生物胁迫的动力学过程和机制。为保障禽畜废弃物资源高效转化和安全利用,提升耕地质量和控制环境风险,实现农业资源的可持续利用提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 畜禽粪便；重金属；抗生素；氨氧化微生物；土壤氮循环

英文摘要： The problem of the barren and acidification of organic nutrients in red soil makes the livestock manure used in agriculture as important way to achieve coupling soil fertility improvement and the disposal of waste resources. It is an meaningful thing for security use of livestock waste resources by explicit stress effect and mechanism of soil nitrogen cycling through the input of heavy metals and antibiotics as a results from composite manure used in agriculture. The application is to: (1) to reveal the effects and laws on soil ammonia oxidation process and its key features microorganisms with the composite input of heavy metals and tetracycline antibiotics which influence the aging and transformation in soil and other environmental behavior, on the basis of investigating the characteristics of residual from typical contaminants of organic nutrient status, heavy metals and tetracycline antibiotics etc ,that derived from scale farms waste ; (2) we will study deeply in kinetics and mechanisms of heavy metal and tetracycline in single and combined pollution on ammonia oxidation process in soil and its key function of microbial stress use the controlled experimental model system, combined with stable isotope probe technology (DNA-SIP), real-time PCR and high-throughput sequencing technology. Our study will provide scientific knowledge to safeguard the efficient transformation and safe use of livestock waste resource, improving the quality of cultivated land, controlling environmental risks and achieving the sustainable use of agricultural resources.

英文关键词： Manure;Heavy Metal;Antibiotic;Ammonia Oxidation Microorganism;Soil Nitrogen Cycling