肉牛养殖场尺度气体排放特征及其减排机制研究

项目名称： 肉牛养殖场尺度气体排放特征及其减排机制研究

项目编号： No.41275163

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 高志岭

作者单位： 河北农业大学

项目金额： 85万元

中文摘要： 目前，我国肉牛养殖业的甲烷、氧化亚氮和氨气的年排放总量均排在世界同行的前列，分别占我国畜牧业排放总量的46%、15%和25.6%。但我国在肉牛养殖业的气体排放方面的研究仍较薄弱，更没有形成系统有效的减排方案。因此，能否降低我国肉牛业温室气体和氨气排放已成为顺利实现"十二五规划"目标、完成我国哥本哈根会议承诺的重要前提条件。本研究拟选定采用不同类型管理方式（饲料、粪尿）的肉牛养殖场，在准确测定各排放源的甲烷、氧化亚氮和氨气排放特征与排放量的基础上，深入探讨上述各种气体排放与肉牛日粮配方及其营养特点、粪尿的管理方式、粪尿理化性质、气候条件等因素之间的数量关系；在此基础上，建立管理肉牛养殖场尺度气体排放的预测模型，并采用情景分析方法探讨各种措施的减排潜力。这不仅可为实现我国肉牛业温室气体减排目标提供思路和技术，同时也为奶牛、肉猪、肉鸡等其他养殖业的可持续发展提供重要的理论与方法。

中文关键词： 肉牛；甲烷；氧化亚氮；氨；排放因子

英文摘要： Presently, the national methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) and ammonia (NH3) emissions from the beef production in China ranked in the very front at a respective global scale, which accounted for 46%, 15% and 25.6% of the respective total emissions from the entire animal production in China. However, no integrative mitigation strategies for such situation were provided up to now due to the lack of systematic investigations. Thus, the successful mitigation of gases emissions from the beef production in China became the perquisite condition to fulfill the target of the China 12th 5-year plan and the commitment in Copenhagen Conference. In this project, with the obtained specific characteristics and accurate emission estimates of methane, N2O and NH3, the relations of these gases emissions to the environmental and management factors including feed composition, nutrition characteristics, manure managements, manure chemical and physical properties and climatic characteristics will be specified; a prediction model at farm scale to evaluate gases emissions under various management conditions based on the observed relations will be established accordingly in order to investigate mitigation potentials of various practices proposed. This research is not only to provide techniques and recommendations for the sustainability

英文关键词： Beef cattle；Methane；Nitrous oxide；Ammonia；Emission factor