岸基GNSS-R探测海冰厚度的研究

项目名称： 岸基GNSS-R探测海冰厚度的研究

项目编号： No.41304036

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 柯福阳

作者单位： 南京信息工程大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 海冰厚度是海冰灾害监测的基本参数之一。GNSS-R探测海冰厚度与其他探测技术方法相比具有连续高时空分辨率的优势，应用潜力巨大。目前，国外相关研究仍处于起步阶段且理论方法还未成熟，而我国在此方面的研究与试验还未有相关文献报道。本项目提出先利用GNSS直接和反射信号计算出海冰的反射率，再利用反射率和辐射率的关系计算出海冰辐射率，最后由海冰厚度与辐射率之间的函数关系反演出海冰厚度的GNSS-R探测海冰厚度的技术方法。为此，本项目将基于电磁场理论，研究GNSS信号在不同介质之间传播的规律及其反射信号的极化特性，建立GNSS海冰反射率计算算法；研究不同类型海冰、积雪和融雪等复杂介质的复介电常数的变化规律，建立GNSS海冰辐射率与海冰厚度的函数关系模型；开展岸基GNSS-R探测海冰厚度试验，对相关理论方法进行验证，评定其可行性、精度和实用性，为我国利用GNSS-R（北斗）探测海冰厚度提供科学理论依据。

中文关键词： GNSS-R；探测；海冰厚度；密集度；反射率

英文摘要： The thickness of sea ice is one of the basic parameters of the sea ice disaster monitor.Compared with other detection techniques, GNSS-R has the advantage of continuous high spatial and time resolution in detecting sea ice thickness, whose application potential is huge.Currently, related research is in infancy and theory is not yet mature. Especially, relevant experience and theoretical research have not been carried out in China. Combined with preliminary studies, GNSS-R detecting sea ice thickness theory and method will be advanced. Firstly, the sea ice reflectivity is caculated by GNSS direct and reflected signal. Then the sea ice emissivity is caculated by the relationship between reflectivity and emissivity. At last, sea ice thickness can be surveyed using the function of the relation between sea ice thickness and emissivity. So, based on the electromagnetic theory, the GNSS signal transmission law between different media and the polarization characteristics of GNSS reflected signal will be studied to establish GNSS sea ice reflectivity caculation algorithm. And the variation of the complex permittivity of the complex medium will be studied to build the function of the relation between GNSS sea ice emissivity and the thickness, such as different types of sea ice, snow and snowmelt. And the Coastal GNSS-R Su

英文关键词： GNSS-R；Survey；Ocean Ice Thickness；Intensity；Reflectivity