转基因苜蓿联合茶皂甙根际修复PCBs污染土壤的效能及机制

项目名称： 转基因苜蓿联合茶皂甙根际修复PCBs污染土壤的效能及机制

项目编号： No.31500432

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 王岩

作者单位： 吉林大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 多氯联苯(PCBs)是土壤中持久性有机污染物，其污染土壤的生物修复技术已成为研究热点。但因PCBs具有强的疏水性，生物可利用性低及对植物生长的抑制作用，致使最有应用前景的植物修复效能达不到预期。在前期获得转bphC.B苜蓿的基础上，申请者拟构建共表达tfdb-JLu和bphC.B的转基因苜蓿，在苜蓿体内建立类似微生物降解PCBs的通路。利用转基因苜蓿-茶皂甙联合修复PCBs污染土壤，考察转基因苜蓿清除体内PCBs残留的能力，检测茶皂甙诱导土著微生物PCBs降解基因表达水平；分析根际土壤中PCBs的消减动态，揭示根际区域微生物多样性和群落结构演替，阐明转基因苜蓿-表面活性剂联合根际修复效能及生物响应机制。本研究可为修复PCBs污染土壤提供新的植物修复技术体系，以提高PCBs污染土壤的原位修复效能，降低PCBs的生态风险。

中文关键词： 多氯联苯；转基因苜蓿；茶皂甙；根际修复

英文摘要： Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants in soil and bioremediation of the contaminated soil has become a research focus. Plant remediation of PCBs is a promising technology, however it was not usually efficient because PCBs have strong hydrophobicity, low bioavailability and the inhibitory effect on plant growth. Based on obtained transgenic alfalfa expressing bphC.B, construct co-expressing tfdb-JLu and bphC.B in alfalfa to form a degradation pathway of PCBs in Alfalfa, which is similar to microbes. The application of transgenic alfalfa and tea saponin remediate of PCBs contaminated soil. The aim is to investigate the removal of PCBs in transgenic alfalfa; induce the degradation gene expression of PCBs in indigenous microbial by tea saponin; analyze the dynamic variation of PCBs in the rhizosphere soil and reveal the regional microbial diversity and community structure succession. Therefore, rhizosphere remediation efficiency and biological response mechanism were clarified. This study may provide a new phytoremediation technology for PCBs contaminated soil to enhance remediation efficiency and reduce their ecological risk.

英文关键词： Polychlorinated biphenyls;Transgenic alfalfa;Tea saponin;Rhizoremediation