欧洲阻塞的形态特征及其对欧亚极端天气的影响

项目名称： 欧洲阻塞的形态特征及其对欧亚极端天气的影响

项目编号： No.41505075

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 姚遥

作者单位： 中国科学院大气物理研究所

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 冬季欧亚地区的天气气候及极端天气事件的发生往往与欧洲地区阻塞和北大西洋涛动（NAO）的活动密切相关，而对大尺度低频模态细节形态特征的分析对了解其机制以及对天气气候的影响有重要作用。欧洲阻塞偶极子模态的倾斜方向作为一个重要的空间特征，其气候变率以及对极端天气和气候的影响机制是一个尚未解决的科学问题。本项目拟从冬季欧洲阻塞偶极子倾斜特征这一问题出发，利用改进的识别和诊断方法，系统的研究欧洲阻塞偶极子倾斜的形态特征分布及变化规律。通过结合上游NAO正位相背景环流的变化特征，探讨下游欧洲阻塞偶极子倾斜的动力机制，试图从另一个角度去了解欧亚天气气候和极端天气的发生机理。

中文关键词： 阻塞；北大西洋涛动；偶极子；急流；极端天气

英文摘要： The occurrence of winter extreme weather and climate in Eurasia has been found to be associated with Europe blocking and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The detailed characteristics of the large scale low-frequency modes are found to be very important for understanding their mechanism and their impact on weather and climate. The titled dipole structure of Europe blocking is an important spatial feature that needs to be systematic studied, including its climate variability and impact on weather and climate. In this proposal, based on the reanalysis data and modified indices, we attempt to investigate the pattern characteristics of winter Europe blocking and its dynamical relationship with jet stream of positive NAO, which can provide us a different way to understand the producing mechanism of extreme weather and climate.

英文关键词： Blocking;North Atlantic Oscillation;Dipole mode;Jet stream;Extreme weather