表面电荷对纳米银在生物体内的积累、转化和效应机制的影响研究

项目名称： 表面电荷对纳米银在生物体内的积累、转化和效应机制的影响研究

项目编号： No.41503107

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 地质学

项目作者： 王焕华

作者单位： 中国环境科学研究院

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 纳米颗粒的表面电荷是影响其环境行为与毒性的重要因素之一，但是其影响机制还不清楚。纳米颗粒在土壤介质中的生物积累、生物转化和亚致死效应是决定其人体健康及生态环境效应的重要因素，亟待研究。项目拟以纳米银颗粒为例，选用蚯蚓（Eisenia fetida）为模式生物，应用系列表面电荷的纳米银颗粒，研究不同表面电荷纳米银颗粒的生物累积、转化和效应差异，阐述其影响机制。具体将运用同步辐射X-射线吸收光谱研究表面电荷对纳米银在土壤和蚯蚓体内的形态及各形态分布比例的影响，及对各亚细胞组分中Ag的分布及纳米银的细胞内化路径的影响，以揭示表面电荷对纳米银在蚯蚓体内积累和转化的影响及其机理；通过1H-NMR代谢组学新技术，研究不同表面电荷纳米银对蚯蚓的亚致死效应机制，筛选表征亚致死效应的有效代谢指标，阐明亚致死压力的环境指示意义。成果是对纳米颗粒生态毒理效应的新贡献，并为纳米颗粒风险评估提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 工程纳米颗粒；纳米银；表面电荷；生物积累与转化；亚致死效应

英文摘要： The environmental behavior and toxicity of nanoparticles are significantly influenced by their surface charge, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Bioaccumulation, biotransformation and sublethal responses of nanoparticles in soil determine its human health and environmental risks. This project aims to gain new insights into the mechanisms of surface-charge dependent bioaccumulation, biotransformation and sublethal responses in the model earthworm Eisenia fetida following exposure to silver nanoparticles. Silver nanoparticles with different surface charge are used for this study. Following exposure to the silver nanoparticles with different surface-charges, advanced technique such as synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy is employed to investigate different Ag species and their distribution (%) in the earthworm and soil; subcellular fractionation of Ag is studied to indicate different routes of cellular internalization; and 1H NMR-based metabolomics are used to examine sublethal responses of the earthworm, and to highlight the value of applying metabolomics to assess the sublethal response of an organism to an emerging contaminant with an unknown mode of action. The findings contribute to the understanding of toxicity mechanisms of nanoparticles and provide scientific basis for the risk assessment of nanoparticles.

英文关键词： Engineered nanoparticles;Silver nanoparticles;Surface charge;Bioaccumulation and biotransformation;Sublethal responses