低共熔溶剂中镍基纳米复合镀层的电沉积可控制备及摩擦学性能研究

项目名称： 低共熔溶剂中镍基纳米复合镀层的电沉积可控制备及摩擦学性能研究

项目编号： No.51305432

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 机械、仪表工业

项目作者： 梁军

作者单位： 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 针对水溶液中电沉积制备纳米复合镀层存在的微粒在镀液体系中分散稳定性较差以及在镀层中共沉积量较低的关键问题，本项目采用廉价绿色的离子液体-低共熔溶剂作为复合电沉积的电解质溶液，开展抗磨或减摩镍基纳米复合镀层的可控制备及性能研究。研究各种硬质或润滑性纳米微粒在含镍离子低共熔溶剂中的分散稳定机制，探讨低共熔溶剂体系中纳米微粒与基质金属的复合电沉积行为与机理，分析镍基纳米复合镀层的结构/组分特征，评价镍基复合镀层的摩擦磨损性能，阐明镀层结构/组分特征与其摩擦磨损性能之间的构效关系。在此基础上，明确低共熔溶剂体系中镍基纳米复合镀层的制备工艺条件-结构/组分特征-摩擦磨损性能之间的关系规律，优化电沉积条件实现具有优异抗磨或减摩性能镍基纳米复合镀层的可控制备。本项目的实施可以为丰富复合电沉积理论，发展高性能金属基复合镀层材料的设计制备方法提供理论和实验依据。

中文关键词： 低共熔溶剂；离子液体；电沉积；镍基纳米复合镀层；摩擦磨损

英文摘要： The poor dispersion stability of the nanoparticles in plating baths and the low codeposition content of the nanoparticles in matrix metals are two key disadvantages for the electrodeposition of nano-composite coatings from aqueous solution. In order to overcome these disadvantages, cheap and green ionic liquids - deep eutectic solvents (DES) were used as electrolytes to electrodeposit wear resistance or antifriction nickel nano-composite coatings in this project. The dispersion and stability mechanisms of various hard or lubricative nanoparticles in deep eutectic solvents are studied. The codeposition behavior and mechanism of the nanoparticles and matrix metals are investigated. The structure and constituent characteristics of the nickel nano-composite coatings are analyzed. The friction and wear properties of the composite coatings are evaluated and the relationship between the structure and constituent characteristics and properties are also elucidated. Based on these results, the intrinsic relations between preparation, structure and properties of the nickel nano-composite coatings are intentatively speculated. Finally, the electrodeposition processes are optimized to achieve the controllable preparation of the nickel nano-composite coatings with excellent wear resistance or antifriction properties. The impl

英文关键词： Deep eutectic solvents；Ionic liquid；Electrodeposition；Nickel nano-composite coating；Friction and wear