基于悖论分析的重复性项目计划理论研究

项目名称： 基于悖论分析的重复性项目计划理论研究

项目编号： No.71271081

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 管理科学

项目作者： 张立辉

作者单位： 华北电力大学

项目金额： 56万元

中文摘要： 重复性工程项目具有投资大、工期长的特点。随着大量重复性工程项目如铁路、高速公路的涌现，重复性调度方法（称RSM）日渐成为欧美国家工程领域的研究热点。RSM是一种完全不同于经典的关键路线法（CPM）、项目评审技术（PERT）的现代计划方法。在我国基础建设大发展的背景下，RSM的研究对于提高项目管理效率、节约社会资源具有重要意义。申请人在RSM研究中发现了一些悖论现象，例如"项目总工期不等于关键路线上各关键工序工期之和"；"某些非关键工序的总时差为零"；"有些关键工序的工期延长后，总工期反而变短"等等。悖论现象的出现，反映了RSM的特殊性和理论研究的不够完善。本项目拟从分析这些悖论入手，研究和修正RSM中的一些基本理论，如关键路线的确定方法、时差分析、关键工序尤其是逆关键工序的特性理论等等。然后将这些理论用于解决RSM中的工期优化、资源均衡、时间费用权衡等问题，从而建立RSM的优化理论和方法。

中文关键词： 运筹学；项目管理；重复性项目；逆控制工序；组合优化

英文摘要： Repetitive projects are characterized by intensive investment and long duration. Repetitive scheduling method (RSM) has become a spotlight in the field of engineering research in US and European countries with rapid development of repetitive projects such as the highway, railroad and so on. RSM is a modern method for project planning and scheduling, which is quite different from the Critical path method (CPM) and Program evaluation and review technology (PERT). It is of great importance for us to study RSM with so many repetitive projects in China. The proposer finds some paradoxes while studying RSM. For example, the duration of the project does not equal to the sum of the durations of the controlling activities on the controlling path. As another example, some non-controlling activities have no float. Moreover, the project duration is reduced when the duration of the controlling activity is prolonged. The paradoxes mean that RSM is quite different from CPM and that the theory of RSM needs to be improved. This proposal will analyze the paradoxes first, and then improve the basic theory of RSM, such as the method for identifying the controlling path, analysis of the floats, and theorems on the backward controlling activities, etc. The basic theory will then be used to solve the problems in RSM on project durati

英文关键词： operational research；project management；repetitive project；backward controlling activity；combinatorial optimization